《复习资料整理_商务基础概论》.doc

《商务基础概论》资料整理 第一章 Global business:consists of transactions that are devised and carried out across national borders to satisfy the objectives of individuals,companies,and organizations.(页码4) 全球商务活动：由旨在达到个人，企业和组织的目的而计划实施的跨国业务组成。（页码5） 1.Compare and contrast domestic and international business. 国际商务与国内商务的区别 法律体系货币文化背景自然条件和经济条件 第二章 Acculturation:the process of adjusting and adapting to a specific culture other than one’s own.(页码26) 文化适应：调整并适应于己不同的特定文化的过程。（页码29） Cultural convergence:increasing similarity among cultures accelerated by technological advances.(页码33) 文化趋同：技术进步加速了文化之间日益增多的相似性。 social stratification: the division of a particular population into classes. 社会分层：将特定人口划分为不同阶层。 reference group: a group, such as the family ,coworkers, and professional and trade associations, that provides the values and attitudes that influence and shape behavior, including consumer behavior. 参照群：家庭、同事以及职业协会和贸易联盟等群体，其价值观和态度影响和实现了包括消费者行为在内的一系列行为。 self-reference criterion: the unconscious reference to ones own cultural values. 自我参照标准：无意识地参照某人自己的文化价值观 1.Describe culture shock and explain why it occurs. Culture shock is the pronounced reactions to the psychological disorientation that most people feel when they move for an extended period of time into a markedly differently culture. Reasons: a function of the individuals lack of adaptability(个人适应能力不足); a result of the firms lack of understanding of the situation into which the manager was sent（对新环境缺乏了解）; the unrealistic goals set for a subsidiary or a project（目标不够现实） ; the inadequate means by which they are to be reached（手段不充分）. 第三章 Most favored nation(MFN)最惠国：a term describing a GATT clause that calls for member countries to grant other member countries the same favorable treatment they accord any country concerning imports and exports,now also known as normal trade relations. （p55） 用于描述关税与贸易总协定中某一条款的术语，要求成员国要遵照给与任何其他国家的待遇相互给与进口方面同等的待遇，现在也被称为正常贸易关系。(p60) Capital flight 资本外逃：the flow of private funds abroad ,because investors believe t