计算机图形学--第4章 建模的数学基础(自学).pptVIP

Computer Graphics:Programming, Problem Solving, and Visual Communication Steve Cunningham California State University Stanislaus and Grinnell College PowerPoint Instructor’s Resource Mathematics for Modeling Some mathematics tools to help you develop your graphics programs Mathematics is an Important Tool for Computer Graphics In this chapter we survey a number of topics that are each helpful in one or more places in graphics The presentation here may not be as deep as you would like, but you can consult mathematics textbooks for more The order is generally simpler to more complex, but is not systematic What Is a 2D or 3D Space? We use 2D and 3D Euclidean space Our points are (x,y) or (x,y,z) They correspond to points in 2D or 3D space with X-Y or X-Y-Z coordinates We generally use right-hand coordinates (right) rather than left-hand ones (left) Points Geometrically, a point is a position in space Algebraically, the point is defined by its coordinates (x,y) or (x,y,z) We will usually see points as vertices in a geometric object However, a triple (x,y,z) or a quadruple (x,y,z,w) will sometimes have another meaning, such as a color Lines Lines are one-dimensional objects that are associated with a point and a direction vector The line through a given point P0 in a given direction contains all points P so that the direction from P to P0 is a scalar multiple of the direction vector If you have two points, the vector from one to the other can be the line’s vector Lines (2) If you have two points P0 and P1, the line containing them can be expressed byfor all possible real values of t; this is called the parameter for the line This equation is about points, but you can easily turn this into equations about each component separately Rays A ray is defined very much like a line, but only points that lie in the same direction as the line’s vector are included. This is given by the equation of the line except that we only allow values of the parameter t ≥ 0. Line Segments