西安市城市交通拥堵问题的研究.pdf

摘 要 随着社会经济的飞速发展，城市机动车保有量增长迅猛，交通拥堵已成为许多城市 的一个通病，不仅制约着城市经济的快速发展，造成城市环境的严重污染，更考验着一 个城市管理者治理城市的智慧与决心。为有效解决我国城市交通拥堵问题，各个城市的 管理者做了大量相关工作，但都收效甚微，难逃“交通拥堵—增加道路供应—交通拥堵” 之间的恶性循环。 近些年来，随着西部大开发的深入推进，作为其桥头堡的西安，经济发展速度迅猛， 市民收入与日俱增，人均机动车保有量增速也呈现井喷状，并有进一步扩大的趋势。随 之而来的便是市区交通拥堵日趋严重，交通压力不断加大。为有效解决上述问题，西安 市政府采取了诸如增加道路供应、发展城市轨道交通等措施，但是效果也不理想，未能 摆脱西安市城市交通拥堵现有困境。因此，对西安市交通拥堵问题的创新研究，对有效 解决现阶段西安市城市交通拥堵严重，交通压力大有着十分重要的意义。 文章首先对本研究的研究背景及研究意义做了简要概述，并对国内外相关研究现状 进行了综述；其次阐释了交通拥堵的概念，介绍了交通拥堵的相关理论，如交通供给理 论、交通需求理论及城市空间发展理论等理论；再次介绍了西安市交通现状以及交通拥 堵现状，并剖析了其产生原因；最后介绍了国内外几个大城市治理交通拥堵的措施，并 在借鉴国内外大城市治理交通拥堵成熟经验的基础上，提出解决西安市城市交通拥堵问 题的对策。 关键词：城市交通，交通拥堵，交通需求理论 i Abstract With the rapid development of social economy, the rapid growth of motor vehicles, traffic congestion has become a “common problem” of many cities, which not only restricts the economy development of the city, causes serious environmental pollution to the city, but also tests the city manager’s wisdom and determination in city governance. In order to solve the problem of traffic congestion, each city manager does a lot of related work, but the effect is limited, still can’t avoid getting themselves into a vicious circle of traffic congestion―increasing road supply―traffic congestion. In recent years, with the program for developing the western region to promote in-depth, Xian, as the bridgehead, the economic development is in rapid growth, the income of residents is continuously growing, and the amount of vehicle per capita is growing of a blowout type, and shows a trend of further expansion. And with it comes traffic congestion in the city is becoming more and more serious and the traffic pressure is increasing continuously. In order to solve the above