《VI DIERS bench-scale apparatus》.pdfVIP

VI DIERS Bench-Scale Apparatus John A. Noronha Chairman, DIERS Committee on the Bench-Scale Apparatus Harold G. Fisher Chairman, DIERS Technical Committee I. BACKGROUND 1-1. DIERS Requirements for a Bench-Scale Apparatus Sizing of adequate emergency relief systems (ERS) to protect against run- away chemical reactions is often made difficult by the general lack of knowl- edge of the chemical energy release rate as well as the thermophysical property data at relief conditions. The development of a bench-scale appa- ratus to obtain such data was therefore one of the significant accomplishments of the DIERS project . A prime purpose of the DIER S project was to develop an apparatu s with the following capabilities : 1. To size emergency relief systems by direct extrapolation of test data to larger scale vessels or by analytical methods based on the technol- ogy developed and approved by the DIER S Committee . (These designs were to be safe, but not overly conservative.) 2. To have both the adiabaticity as well as the thermal inertia of the test cells close to unity . 3. To be applicable to common industrial chemicals whose properties are largely unknown , especially under venting conditions . 4. To be applicable to both vapor pressure and gassy systems with reaction energy release rates ranging from 0. 1 to 10 W/gm . 5. To provide information on vapor-liquid disengagement . 6. To be applicable to sizing emergency relief devices with set pressures u