材料成型及控制工程专业英语-_2._HEAT_TREATMENT_OF_STEEL.ppt

- * - 因此奥氏体转变为珠光体伴随着碳的扩散和重新分布。随着温度的降低，扩散率显著降低，因此，转变需在较高的过冷下，转变会被延迟。 For this reason the austenite to pearlite transformation is accompanied with the diffusion, redistribution of carbon. The rate of diffusion sharply diminishes with decreasing temperature, therefore, the transformation should be retarded at a greater undercooling. 2.1.4 Decomposition of Austenite - * - 因此，可得出一重要结论：过冷（较低的转变温度）对转变速率可以产生两种相反的影响。 Thus, we have come to an important conclusion that undercooling (lowering the transformation temperature) may have two opposite effects on the rate of transformation. 2.1.4 Decomposition of Austenite - * - 一方面，温度较低，过冷较大，使奥氏体和珠光体自由能差较大，因此加速相变，另一方面，它降低了碳扩散的速率，又减慢了相转变。 On one hand, a lower temperature (greater undercooling ) gives a greater difference in free energy of austenite and pearlite, thus accelerating the transformation; on the other hand, it diminishes the rate of carbon diffusion, and thus slows down the transformation. 2.1.4 Decomposition of Austenite - * - 整个影响就是：随着过冷度的增加，转变率增加到某一最大值后，随着进一步的过冷而降低. The combined effect is that the rate of transformation first increase as undercooling is increased to a certain maximum and then decreases with further undercooling. 2.1.4 Decomposition of Austenite - * - 在727℃和低于200℃时，转变率为0，因为727℃时自由能差为0，低于200℃时，C的扩散率为0.（更严格的来讲，温度太低，转变难以进行。） at 727 ℃(A1) and below 200℃, the rate of transformations is zero, since at 727℃ the free energy difference is zero and below 200 ℃ the rate of carbon diffusion is zero (more strictly, too low for the transformation to proceed). 2.1.4 Decomposition of Austenite - * - 珠光体的形成是珠光体形核和珠光体晶粒长大的过程，这一点首先由I.L.Mirkin 在1939年提出，并由R.F.Mehl 在1941年加以完善。 As has been first indicated by I.L.Mirkin in 1939 and then developed by R.F.Mehl in 1941, the formation of pearlite is the process of nucleation of pearlite and growth of pearlitic crystals. 2.1.4 Decomposition of Austenite - * - 因此，在不同过冷程度下珠光体的转变速率不同,(这)主要是因为过冷度影响形核率N和晶核长大速率G。在A1和200℃以下，N和G都等于0，并在在150~200℃过冷度时最大. Therefore, the different