CoimisiúnnaScrúduitheStáit.doc

The following glossary is taken from the State Examinations Commission website, rearranged in alphabetical order. http://www.examinations.ie examination material archive – marking schemes Honours Level (2004, ’05, ’06, ’07, ’08, ’09, ‘10) Acme thread Application: Lead screw of lathe Absolute – All dimensions are taken from a fixed datum point or line. Acetylene if directly compressed into a cylinder would explode under high pressure. Acetylene cylinders have to be packed with a porous material which is filled with acetone. Acetone is capable of absorbing up to 25 times its own volume of acetylene for each atmosphere of pressure applied to it. Dissolved acetylene is the name given to this form of acetylene fuel. Addition polymerisation is a process where long chainlike molecules are formed by the addition of large numbers of mers. Polyethylene is produced by this polymerisation mechanism. The ethylene molecule or mer consists of a strong and a weak bond between the carbon atoms. A catalyst or a free radical, which has an unpaired electron in its outer shell is added to the ethylene molecule. The weak bond is attached and one of its electrons is taken by the radical leaving the other free. Now the attached ethylene molecule behaves like a radical and the process is repeated continuously. Long chains bond together in seconds until the reaction is terminated by a chain stopper. Addition polymerisation contains bonds held together by weak Van der Waals forces which are easily overcome by heat or pressure. Adhesives: Safety hazards associated with the use of adhesives include: ? Use gloves to avoid contact with skin. ? Apply in a well ventilated area to minimise fumes. ? Avoid inhalation and provide fume extraction. ? Ensure that materials to be joined are adequately supported while the adhesive is curing. ? Wear protective clothing, goggles or face mask. ? Ensure adequate preparation of joining materials. Age hardening: when the aluminium/copper alloy, duralumin, is qu