LectureCh8.pptVIP

Bell-Shaped Curves and Other Shapes Chapter 8 Thought Question The heights of adult women in the United States follow, at least approximately,a bell-shaped curve. What do you think this means? Normal Curve Shape The normal curve pattern is that most individuals are clumped around the average, with frequencies decreasing the farther values are from the average in either direction. Pictures For Populations Move from pictures and shapes of a set of data to … Pictures and shapes for populations of measurements. Frequency Curves Frequency Curves Proportions Percentiles and  Standardized Scores Your percentile = the percentage of the population that falls below you. Standardized Scores Standardized Scores Table 8.1: Proportions and Percentiles  for Standard Normal Scores Finding a Percentile from an observed value: Finding an Observed Value from a Percentile: z-Scores and Familiar Intervals Empirical Rule For any normal curve, approximately … 68% of the values fall within 1 standard deviation of the mean in either direction 95% of the values fall within 2 standard deviations of the mean in either direction 99.7% of the values fall within 3 standard deviations of the mean in either direction Heights of Adult Women 68% of adult women are between 62.5 and 67.5 inches, 95% of adult women are between 60 and 70 inches, 99.7% of adult women are between 57.5 and 72.5 inches. *Copyright ?2005 Brooks/Cole, a division of Thomson Learning, Inc. Note: Height of curve set so area under entire curve is 1. Smoothed-out relative frequency histogram by connecting tops of rectangles with smooth curve. Frequency curve for population is symmetric clumped in the middle The measurements follow a normal distribution (or a bell-shaped or Gaussian curve). Not all frequency curves are bell-shaped! Frequency curve for population of dollar amounts of car insurance damage claims. The measurements follow a right skewed distribution. Majority of claims were below $5,000, but there w