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Report No : 07 Shop : MT (Light) Title : Study Observation the MT (Light) Shop. Lathe Section Lathe is one of the most important machines in any workshop. The initial objective of using a lathe was to remove material from the outside of logs of wood while they were revolving, thus producing a cylindrical shape that is uniform in diameter. Removal of material from a piece of revolving work is still the main purpose of a lathe and it can also be used to perform many other jobs as well. Principal parts of a lathe machine :- Bed Headstock Tailstock Carriage (5) Feed mechanism (6) Thread-cutting mechanism (7) Tool post (8) Live centre (9) Dead centre (10) Spindle The machinery operations that may be performed on a lathe: straight turning, taper turning, facing, straight boring, taper boring, knurling, external threading, internal threading, drilling, reaming, and undercutting. Types of lathe machine and their advantages disadvantages:- Types of lathe machine Advantages Disadvantages 1) Center lathe All types of lathe operation can be performed. It requires more time to attach different cutting tools Not more than one cutting tool can be attached at a time. 2) Vertical lathe All types of lathe operation can be performed. Lathe operations can be performed in a comparatively large work piece. Not more that one cutting tool can be attached at a time. 3) Capstain lathe Drilling in several steps (maximum 6 steps) can be performed by attaching different sizes of drill bit in a tool-post at a time. Less time is required in making a desired shape of job. - 4) Semi-Capstain lathe - Comparatively less no. of cutting tools can be attached in a tool-post at a time.  Milling Machines A milling machine is