汽车专业英语AUTOMOTIVELUBRICATIONSYSTEM.ppt

Antiscuff additives help to polish moving parts, including cams, pistons , and cylinder walls . This is particularly important during new engine break-in and after an engine overhaul. Since heat is the prime enemy of antiscuff additives, operating conditions that produce excessively high engine temperatures reduce the life expectancy of these additives. This type of operation requires more fre-quent oil changes than does normal operation. 译文：防擦伤（抛光）添加剂有助于抛光（磨光）运动部件，如：凸轮，活塞和气缸壁。这在新发动机磨合期间或发动机大修后是非常重要的。因为热量是抛光添加剂的最大危害，所以发动机高温运行时会减小这些添加剂的预期寿命。高温条件下比正常工作，润滑油更换要更频繁一些。 Detergent- dispersants clean engine parts during operation and keep these contaminants in sus-pension in the oil. As the oil is force through the filter, the majority of these contaminants are trapped by the filter. 译文：清洁分散剂可在发动机工作时，清洁发动机部件，并使那些污染物悬浮在机油中。当机油通过滤清器时，大部分污染物就可被滤清器过滤掉。 Viscosity index improvers tend to stabilize or improve the viscosity of engine oils at various tem-peratures. They tend to give the oil more body when the oil is cold. In other words, they improve the body and fluidity of the oil. The ability of the oil to carry a load at high temperature is improved by this additive, and the ability of the oil to flow when cold is also improved. 译文：粘度指数提高剂可稳定或提高发动机机油在各种温度条件下的粘度。在机油温度低时，会增加机油的浓度。换句话说，它可提高机油的粘度和流动性。这种添加剂可提高机油在高温时携带负载的能力以及在低温时的流动性。 Foam inhibitors reduce the tendency of oil to foam. Heat and agitation mix the oil with air to create foam. Oil foam reduces the lubricating ability of the oil and causes oil starvation and failure of engine parts. Loss of oil pressure due to foaming increases this problem. 译文：泡沫抑制剂可减小机油起泡沫。把机油和空气混合在一起热搅拌会产生泡沫。机油泡沫会降低机油的润滑能力，并造成缺油和发动机部件损坏。由于起泡所引起的油压降低会使这种情况增多。 I. Answer the following questions: 1. What is the purpose of automobile lubrication system? Reducing friction to minimize wear and loss of power. 2. How does internal engine leakage affect oil pressure? 3. Explain what the function of oil is. The engine oil forms a seal between the pistons, rings,