Antennas.pptVIP

* Friis’ transmission formula as Friis’ transmission formula can be rewritten to explicitly represent the free-space transmission loss, LFS which represents the propagation loss experienced in transmission between two lossless isotropic antennas.With this definition, the Friis formula becomes * Friis’ transmission formula Finally, a general form of the Friis’ transmission formula can be written that does not assume the antennas are oriented to achieve maximum power transfer where (?t, ?t) is the direction of the receiving antenna in the transmitting antenna coordinates, and vice versa for (?r, ?r). An additional term could be included to represent a polarization mismatch between the transmit and receive antennas. * Implementation Dipole, monopole, and ground planes Horns Parabolic reflectors Arrays * Implementation Dipole, monopole, and ground plane For a center-fed, half-wave dipole oriented parallel to the z axis Tuned half-wave dipole antenna (V/m) (W/m2) * Dipole antennas Versions of broadband dipole antennas * Dipole antennas * Monopole antenna Ground plane Mirroring principle creates image of monopole, transforming it into a dipole Radition pattern of vertical monopole above ground of (A) perfect and (B) average conductivity q q * Ground plane A ground plane will produce an image of nearby currents. The image will have a phase shift of 180° with respect to the original current. Therefore as the current element is placed close to the surface, the induced image current will effectively cancel the radiating fields from the current. The ground plane may be any conducting surface including a metal sheet, a water surface, or the ground (soil, pavement, rock). Horizontal current element Current element image Conducting surface(ground plane) * Implementation Horn antennas * Implementation Horn antennas * Implementation Parabolic reflector antennas Circular aperture with uniform illumination. Aperture radius = a. Ap = p a 2 where where J1( ) is