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DAMAGE TO THE SPINE AND PELVIS Damage to the spine occur by the forces of considerable size and are among the most serious injuries of the musculoskeletal system . Spinal trauma fractures in the overall structure of the bones in adults ranges from 2.2% to 20.6 %. Damage complicated neurological disorders are more common in nyzhnohrudnomu and lumbar spine and make up 39.2 % and 48.5 %, respectively. Epidemiological data indicate that spinal injury is more common in young men, and poor outcomes make up a significant percentage . About 43 % of patients with vertebral - spinal cord injury are multiple and combined injuries, making it difficult to diagnose and selecting the appropriate treatment strategy . Causes and mechanisms of damage to the spine. In the initial stages of diagnosis of spine injuries is of paramount importance clarify the circumstances of the injury. Causes damage to the spine and spinal cord are often falling from height ( katatravma ), road traffic accidents , diving with a bang his head on the bottom of ponds, cargo fall on different parts of the spine, sports injuries and more. There are direct and indirect mechanisms of injury. In the direct mechanism of the effort is applied to the spine (blow with a blunt object or compression in the direction back to front ), leading to shock and damage to the isolated posterior structures of the spine. When indirect mechanism of injury damage resulting from forcible flexion or extension of the cervical , thoracic and lumbar (sharp and sudden forced flexion of the trunk cross-sectional or tilt of the head, and the so-called movement of the whip , when the car hit the back of head sharply deflected back with a sharp forced extension of the neck and the subsequent sharp bending it), rotation - rotation ( during sports fighters with incorrect or inept receptions with the rotation of the head), compression ( traumatic force in this mechanism operates strictly on the vertical axis of the spine , provided that at th