headinjury.doc.docVIP

Neurosurgery? ????? ???? Head Injury External trauma applied to the head including, scalp, skull and its containing brain tissues, which result of: 1-closed trauma as in road traffic accident falls or assaults. 2-open trauma as in gunshots, stab wounds. Clinical classification of head injury Primary head injury can be classified into four main categories include: A-scalp injuries like. Brusies, wounds, laceration, avulsion and hematoma B-skull fractures:. Linear, diastatic, depressed, basilar. Skull fractures result from large energy force applied to the head during injury; the extent and type of skull fracture depend on the severity, direction and geometry of impact force. 1-linear fracture: Is a single fracture line in the skull, which passes through the entire thickness of skull. Linear fracture indicates that patient received an impact of considerable energy, but the patient eventual neurological disability depends on brain injury not the linear fracture. it increase the risk of intracranial hemorrhage, for this reason detection of skull fracture in plain x-ray indicates the need for ct-scan of head. Linear skull fracture require no stabilization if scalp intact. an open linear fracture should be inspected, removal of foreign body and debridement of damaged soft tissues. 2-diastatic fracture: Is a separation of suture line, its common in infants under three years old and rare in older age group except as apart of more extension of skull fracture. 3-depressed fracture Result when outer table of fractured edge lies below the inner table of surrounding intact skull at the site of impact. Depressed fracture occur due to more localized force of impact applied to the skull as by hammer, sport injuries like hockey stick, golf ball or vehicle accidents .its either closed (intact scalp) or opened (compound) when connect to the exterior through scalp injury. Depressed fracture may associate wit