Alignmentangles.ppt.pptVIP

Automotive Alignment Angles Camber Caster Front toe Rear toe Primary Alignment Angles Front Camber Rear Camber Caster Front Toe Rear Toe Camber Definition: The inward or outward tilt of the top of the wheel as viewed from the front. Typical Range: Front camber - Rear camber - Zero Camber Wheel is vertical when viewed from the front Measured as Zero degrees Applicable to front and rear tires Reasons to use at or nearZero Camber Extremely wide tires Positive offset rims Extended Tire life Positive Camber Top of tire leans outboard at the top when viewed from the front Measured in degrees Primarily used on front wheels Reasons to use Positive Camber Places load inboard on spindle Increases road isolation Increases directional stability Negative Camber Top of tire leans inboard at the top when viewed from the front Measured in degrees Primarily used on rear wheels Reasons to use Negative Camber Places load outboard on spindle Increased cornering ability Increases road shock component wear Outside Shoulder Wear due to Excessive Positive Camber Angle Camber may cause a Pull Cross camber is the side-to-side difference in camber measurements More than 1/2o difference side-to side may cause the vehicle to pull to the wheel with the most positive camber. Excessive Cross Camber Camber Specifications Preferred Specs Front = 0o Rear = -.40o Tolerance Front = 1o Rear = .75o Cross camber .70o Exception to the rule Caster The Forward or Rearward Tilt of the Steering Axis as viewed from the side Typical Range Typical tolerance ± 1o Steering Axis Zero Caster Steering Axis is vertical as viewed from the side and measured as 0o Negative Caster Forward tilt of the Steering Axis as viewed from the side and measured in degrees Positive Caster Rearward tilt of the Steering Axis as viewed from the side and measured in degrees Benefits of Positive Caster Helps to return wheels to straight ahead after being stee