保护性耕作残茬覆盖防风蚀效应风洞试验的研究.pdf

摘 要 本文是以内蒙古农业科学院武川旱作试验站莜麦、油菜和小麦作物留茬地表原状 土样为研究对象，利用移动式风蚀风洞对农田地表土壤抗风蚀效果进行试验研究， 比较不同留茬作物抗风蚀能力的大小，为降低农田土壤风蚀，提高农业生产提供科 学依据。其中莜麦、油菜、小麦茬高分别是 10cm、20cm、30cm，覆盖度分别是 20%、 30%、40%，分别在净风条件下对不同作物留茬土样进行试验。按照正交试验方法安 排试验，结果表明作物覆盖度对于防治土壤风蚀的效果具有特别显著性，作物种类 对于防治土壤风蚀的效果也影响显著。作物留茬高度在 10cm-30cm 范围内变化对于 防治土壤风蚀的效果显著性不明显。在前期试验的基础上，利用计算流体力学 (CFD) 软件 Fluent 对 0FDY-1.2 型可移动式风蚀风洞中气流流场进行模拟，在软件中建立 了风洞内试验的 3D 模型，确立了数值模拟所需的各项参数，成功的模拟了风洞内的 流场情况，直观的了解作物留茬对风洞内流场的影响。 关键词：风蚀；可移动式风蚀风洞；正交试验；Fluent Experimental Study on Effects of Anti-wind Erosion by Conservative Crop Stubble Coverage Based on the Wind Tunnel Abstract By taking the erect stubble of oats farmland,cole farmland,grass-millet farmland in Inner Mongolia Academy of Agricultural Sciences Wuchuan dry Experimental Station as the study object,anti-wind erosion capabilities of the different crops have been studied,all of these researches have provided scientific basis To reduce soil erosion and improve agricultural production. The trial utilizes of movable wind tunnel tests for different types of crops,stubble height,overlay degree of the field,and study the protection ability of the stubble band,and study the application of orthogonal design to arrange tests.The Erect Stubble Height of naked oats farmland,cole farmland,grass-millet farmland is 10cm,20cm,30cm, the residue coverage is 20%,30%,40%. The paper used Fluent,a software of computational fluid dynamics,to simulate the 0FDY-1.2 movable wind-tunnel indoor test in numerical simulation of air flow.Intuitive understanding of crop stubble on the wind tunnel flow field.It established the 3D model of wind-tunnel indoor test and the parameters needed in numerical simulation on the software. It successfully simulated the wind velocity flowing situation of wind-tunnel indoor tes