英汉语言对比静态和动态.ppt

Part IVStative vs. Dynamic Translate the following sentences : 1)医生迅速到达，并非常仔细地检查了病人，因此病人很快就康复了。 2)他能吃能睡 3)他既不抽烟，也不喝酒。 4)他失业以后，就很不合群了。 5) The computer is a far more careful and industrious inspector than human beings. 6) I used to be a bit of a fancier myself. 7) 他们立刻出动去追击敌人. 8) 有人给他撑腰。 9) 他在读书。 10) 机器正在运行 11) 说完这些话，她便走开了。 English: Static Chinese: Dynamic R.Quirk: Broadly speaking, nouns can be characterized naturally as stative in that they refer to entities that are regarded as stable, whether these are concrete ( physical) like house, table, paper, or abstract ( of the mind) like hope, botany, length. At the opposite pole, verbs can be equally naturally characterized as dynamic: they are fitted ( by their capacity to show tense and aspect, for example) to indicate action, activity and temporary or changing conditions.  Stative English 1.Nominalization 2.Agentive nouns in place of verbs. 3.Preparation- Prominent 4.Verbs-weaken 5.Ajectives and adverbs in place of verbs  1.Nominalization Nominalization refers to the replacement of clauses, which contain finite verbs, with complex structures consisting of nouns and noun adjuncts. 名词化主要指用名词（短语）来表达原来属于动词（短语）所表达的信息，如用抽象名词来表达动作、行为、变化、状态等。 For example: because the surface of the retina is spherical------because of the sphericity of the retinal surface something is near the nucleus------ something occupies a juxtanuclear position Dennis Freeborn points out: Formal acdemic writing tends to use a characteristic style which caters for other academic rather than the general public. 1)医生迅速到达，并非常仔细地检查了病人，因此病人很快就康复了。 The doctor arrived extremely quickly and examined the patient uncommonly carefully; the result was that he recovered very speedily. The doctors extremely quick arrival and uncommonly careful examination of the patient brought about his very speedy