英语新闻语法的特点和翻译.ppt

英语新闻语法的特点与翻译 新闻英语语法特点 新闻英语作为一种特殊语体，除了在词汇、修辞上有自己的特色外，新闻英语的语法也区别于其他语体。 一、时态 1、现在时 为了吸引读者，给读者一种动态的新鲜感与现实感，英语标题中多采用现在时或将来时。 Israeli General Says Lebanon Offensive Will Last Weeks Hillary Clinton suffers collapse (希拉里·克林顿当众晕倒) 2、过去时 新闻报道正文常用过去时来记叙事件的发生经过。 JERUSALEM, July 18—A top Israeli general said today that Israel’s offensive in Lebanon would last another few weeks and he said that the use of large numbers of ground forces had not been ruled out… (New York Times, July 18, 2006) 3、进行时 在新闻英语中，广泛运用进行时态，把动作写成如在进行之中，使读者觉得在第一时间获知了新闻消息。 Republican leaders, elated and surprised at the dimensions of their victory on Tuesday, were calling the 1980 election a political watershed, … (New York Times, March 3, 2000) 4、时态的不一致性 在一般文体中，按照传统英语语法规则，宾语从句中谓语动词的时态要受制于主句中谓语动词的时态。这被称之为时态的一致(sequence of tenses)。 同样，把直接引语改为间接引语时，动词形态也要作相应的调整。 英语新闻一般也遵循这种时态的变化规则。 在实际的新闻报道中，其时态常常并不拘泥于这种语言规则，而是按照实际情况，根据新闻事实发生的时间变化与顺序，酌情灵活使用各种时态。 Under pressure or not, she said, citing Israeli intelligence, many civilians in southern Lebanon have Katyusha and other rockets under their beds. (New York Times, July 19, 2006) Tax Collector Carol Mahoney reported this week her office has posted a 99.06 collection percentage for the fiscal year that ended June 30, 2006. This rate surpasses any previous collection, according to both Ms Mahoney and First Selectman Herb Rosenthal, who announced the milestone at the last Board of Selectmen’s meeting. (Newtown Bee, CT, July 27, 2006) UNITED NATIONS, New York—President George Bush wants the former attorney general, Dick Thornburgh to take a new top post at the United Nations, overseeing the organization’s budget and administration, UN and US officials say. Secretary-General Butros Ghali asked Mr. Bush to find an American to fill this job when he attended the summit meeting of the Security Council here last month and the President then offered the job to Mr. Thornburgh, the official said. (The International Herald Tribune) 二、语态 新闻英语中 动词的主动语态的使用占主导地位。使用主动语态句叙事可以使读