环境学原理2010-10-18.pptVIP

环境学原理 Principles of Environmental Sciences and its Applications 李小梅 PHD, 副教授 研究方向：景观生态学、生态环境评价、环境影响评价 TEL: Email: lxm.sha@126.com QQ: 280828954 办公地址：实验中心楼 Room 120 What is environment? 环境:是以人类为主体的外部世界，即人类赖以生存和发展的物质条件的综合体。环境是相对于某一个中心事物的.因此环境本身的概念和定义是无范围和界限的(Flexible). 环境概念中包含一种关系即主体与客体的相互作用关系. Environmental Science is by nature an interdisciplinary field. The word environment is usually understood to mean the surrounding conditions that affect people and other organisms. In a broader definition, environment is everything that affects an organism during its lifetime. In turn, all organisms including people affect many components in their environment. ____Eldon D. Enger, Bradley F. Smith. Environmental Science _A study of interrelationships. 清华大学出版社 What is Environmental Science Science is systematized knowledge derived from and tested by recognition and formulation of a problem, collection of data through observation, and experimentation. Whereas the disciplines of biology, chemistry, and physics(and their subdisciplines) are focused on a particular aspect of natural science, environmental science in its broadest sense encompasses all the fields of natural science. Environmental science is an organized body of knowledge about environmental relationships. ------Mackenzie L.Davis, Susan J. Masten. Principles of Environmental Engineering and Science.清华大学出版社 Principles of Environmental Science 左玉辉认为:环境学独立于自然科学和社会科学，其学科体系为：1+4+1，即环境学，环境自然科学、环境技术科学、环境经济科学和环境社会科学，环境应用科学。 环境学原理包括：环境多样性原理，人与环境和谐原理，规律规则原理，以及五律协同原理。 View1: the first principle of environmental Science is the interrelationships, it includes two layers: relationship between object and subject, relationship between subjects. View2: the second principle is the systemic property. The system is composed of object and subjects and their relationships. The system should be harmonious and concordant. Discuss: What are principles of Environmental Science? Fra