地理統計在農業氣象資料分析之應用.docVIP

地理統計在農業氣象資料分析之應用 申雍、陳守泓 中興大學土壤環境科學系 中文摘要 本文中由以往對台灣西南部地區進行之氣象站資料代表性與適用距離範圍的檢驗，以及梅雨期間發生豪大雨機率和不同月份潛在蒸發散量空間分佈估算設置Applications of Geostatistics on Agricultural Meteorological Data Analysis Yuan Shen and Shou-Hong Chen Department of Soil and Environment Sciences National Chung-Hsing University ABSTRACT Applications of geostatistics on agricultural meteorological data analysis were illustrated in this paper by examples discussing the applicable range of many items observed at meteorological stations, and spatial distribution of rainstorm probabilities at Mei-Yu season and monthly potential evapotranspiration in southwestern Taiwan. Air temperature and global solar radiation, due to the wider applicable range, and daily precipitation, due to the high density of existing rain stations, were meteorological items suitable for running spatial analysis. Other observed items, such as relative humidity, sunshine duration, wind speed, and pan evaporation were not suitable for running spatial analysis because of very narrow applicable range and the sparsity of meteorological stations. To run spatial analysis of air temperature and global solar radiation, the long-term averaged observations had better spatial continuity and were thus more suitable than short-term observations. By converting daily precipitation measured by each rain station to rainstorm occurring probability could not only reorganizing the huge precipitation data collected by rain-station network during the past, but also provided a way to make risk assessment of crops by rainstorm. Maps of monthly potential evapotranspiration could also be generated indirectly through maps of monthly averaged air temperature and global solar radiation produced by using geostatistics. These maps were useful to in making irrigation plans and designing response strategies to droughtiness. 前言 地理統計技術適用於具有空間分佈相依性，但卻不易進行全面測定之性質的空間分佈特性推估。農業氣象與農業生產密切相關，然而基於設置經費與維護專業之考量，並無法密集設立氣象站，因此地理統計技術在農業氣象資料分析上可扮演一非常重要之角色，主要可將由各測站所獲得之點的氣象資料予以面化，以供評估未