自由结构在强动荷作用下的动力响应分析.pdfVIP

摘 要 船舶碰撞往往会造成结构破损、货物泄漏、环境污染、人员伤亡等灾难性的后 果。无论是从安全上、经济上、还是从环境保护上来看，提高船舶抗撞性能都具有 重要的意义。船舶碰撞是在巨大冲击载荷作用下的一种复杂的非线性瞬态响应过程， 它具有非常明显的动力特性。 本文从自由梁在强动载荷作用下的动力响应展开工作，然后针对船舶碰撞的一 些固有的特性，建立了最简单的自由梁撞击刚性墙模型，讨论了影响碰撞力的多种 因素，验证了碰撞特性与其中的一些影响因素之间的简单关系，以期为船舶碰撞课 题打下理论知识和仿真技术的铺垫。 本文主要工作： 1. 利用理论分析方法分析了，自由梁简化为刚塑性模型时，在中点和两端点受 到阶跃载荷作用时的变形过程和能量分配问题，并通过 msc/dytran 的计算结果进行 比较，验证了理论分析的正确性和可靠性。 2. 利用有限元仿真方法，模拟了不同参数情况下的梁与刚性墙之间碰撞的动态 过程，得出了碰撞力是一个涉及到碰撞梁的动能，包括梁的速度和质量，流固耦合 影响，材料本构方程，碰撞的角度等多项因素的问题，还得到了碰撞持续时间、碰 撞侵入深度、能量分配问题与上述因素之间的关系。 关键字：强动载荷；动力响应；有限元方法；自由梁；碰撞 I Abstract Ship collision can always make some disasters, including structure damage, environment pollution and casualties. Therefore, to improve the resistibility of ship is of great importance, no matter what consider safety, economy and protecting environment. Ship collision is a complicated nonlinear instantaneous process under huge impact load, which has a marked dynamic characteristic. This paper makes a research on the topic of dynamic responses of free-free beams impacted by impulsive load firstly. And then relating to some characteristics of ship collision, the problem of a beam impacting a fixed rigid wall is analyzed from FEA model. By the analysis of the results from the simulation, the factors affecting collision force are investigated. Some of the simple relationships between collision characteristics and the factors are verified. It will help further research of ship collision with theory knowledge and FEA technology. The main research work of this thesis is as follows: 1. A theoretical model based on the rigid, perfectly plastic material idealization is proposed to simulate the responses of a free