毕业设计（论文）_聚酰胺纳滤膜对黄连中生物碱的截留性能.docVIP

提供全套毕业设计，欢迎咨询 聚酰胺纳滤膜对黄连中生物碱的截留性能 李春英 （湖南城市学院化学工程专业2013届学生） 摘 要：以盐酸小檗碱为模型分子，考察循环时间、操作压力、料液浓度和离子强度等因素对聚酰胺纳滤膜截留盐酸小檗碱性能的影响。实验表明: 聚酰胺纳滤膜对盐酸小檗碱的截留率80min后基本稳定；随着操作压力的增加，膜通量和截留率都增大；随着料液浓度的增加，聚酰胺纳滤膜通量下降，对盐酸小檗碱的截留率先增大后下降；随着溶液中离子强度的增加，膜通量和截留率都减小。在黄连提取液中生物碱含量为0.025g/L、操作压力为0.4MPa条件下，聚酰胺纳滤膜5min可使黄连提取液中生物碱浓缩6.27倍。 关键词：纳滤膜；黄连；生物碱；截留率 Rejection Performance of Alkaloids in Ahizoma Coptidis by Polyamide Nano?ltration Membrane LI Chun-ying (20123Year Student of Chemical Engineering and Technology Major, Hunan City University) Abstract: The molecule of berberine was selected as a model molecule. The effects of operation time, operation pressure, solution concentration, ionic strength, and other factors on the rejection efficiency were investigated. The results indicated that the rejection rates of berberine by polyamide nano?ltration membrane were approximately equivalent after 80 min. The flux and rejection rate of berberine increased with the increase of operation pressure. The flux decreased with the increase of berberine concentration, and the rejection rate of berberine first rose up then decreased with the increase of berberine concentration. Both flux and rejection rate of berberine decreased with the increase of ionic strength. At the condition of the content of alkaloids 0.025g/L and operation pressure 0.4MPa, alkaloids in the extract of ahizoma coptidis were concentrated 6.27 times. Keywords: Nano?ltration membrane; Ahizoma coptidis; Alkaloids; Retention rate 绪论： 黄连素是一种重要的生物碱，是我国应用很久的中药。可从黄连、黄柏、三颗针等植物中提取。它具有显着的抑菌作用。其味极苦，苦味源于其所含的多种生物碱，主要为盐酸小檗碱、药根碱和巴马汀[1，2]。盐酸小檗碱具有泻火、杀菌、杀虫等作用，多用于治疗细菌性痢疾、肺结核等疾病[2]。药根碱具有降糖作用[3]，而巴马汀有广谱抗菌、治疗糖尿病等作用[4]。盐酸小檗碱、药根碱和巴马汀为季铵型生物碱，其结构如下。 图1 黄连中生物碱的结构 Figure 1 The structure of alkaloids in rhizoma coptidis 纳滤膜(Nanofiltration Membranes) 是20世纪80年代末问世的新型分离膜，其分离性能介于反渗透和超滤膜之间，允许一些无机盐特别是一价盐离子透过分离和有机物分离,兼有机物浓缩的功能。操作压力较低，对一、二价离子有不同选择性.对小分子有机物有较高的截留特性。在渗透过程中截留率大于95%的最小分子约为1 nm，因此称为“纳滤”。它具有两个特性：一是由于膜孔径为纳米级，对水中的分子量为数百的有机小分子成分具有分离性能；二是大多数膜带电荷，所以对于不同价态