《ATC 222The SpineChapter 25》.pptVIP

ATC 222The SpineChapter 25 Natasha Tibbetts, ATC Quiz What is the medical or technical term for spearing? List 3 signs of a serious cervical spine injury. What is the name given to the first cervical vertebra? Define hypoesthesia. Anatomy Vertebral column 7 cervical vertebra C1=Atlas C2=Axis 12 thoracic vertebra 5 lumbar vertebra 5 sacral vertebra Intervertebral disks Annulus pulposus Nucleus pulposus Anatomy (Cont’d) Ligaments Anterior longitudinal Posterior longitudinal Supraspinous Interspinous Spinal cord and Spinal nerves Anatomy Examples Spinal Anatomy Anatomy (Cont’d) Ligaments Motion of the Spine Vertebral Column General Motions Flexion/Extension Right/Left lateral flexion Right/Left rotation Specific Cervical Motion Rotation occurs at C1-C2 Flexion/Extension=atlanto-occipital joint Specific Thoracic Motion Flexion/Extension is 20-30 degrees MAX! Specific Lumbar Motion 90% of Flexion/Extension occurs at L4-L5-S1 Cervical Injury Catastrophic injury Definition Warning signs Unconsciousness Deformity Loss of strength/movement in extremities Anesthesia/paresthesia/hypoesthesia in extremities Assessment Stabilize and calm athlete Call EMS ABC’s Mechanisms of Injury Axial loading Spearing Straight column Hyper-flexion Hyper-extension Lateral hyperflexion Rotation Combination Whiplash Specific Injuries Fractures Dislocations Strain Pain in muscle primarily (localized) Point tenderness Pain with AROM (restricted motion) Pain with passive stretch of muscle Pain/weakness with strength testing Injuries (Cont’d) Brachial Plexus Syndrome C5-T1 Can be caused by traction or compression Paresthesia and weakness Burning/Tingling Return to play criteria Treatment Thoracic and Lumbar Injuries Postural deviations Kyphosis Lordosis Scoliosis Normal posture Pages 645-648 Ear-shoulder-hip-knee-ankle Level knees, hips, and shoulders Normal vertebral curves Postural Examples Injuries (Cont’d) Congenital abnormalities May also be mechanical Spondylolysis vs. Spondylolysisthesis C