《科技英语翻译ppt-3》.pptVIP

Preposition I. Special uses of some prepositions 1. of (1) of+nouns=adjectives (2) of+noun/noun phrase =within a certain range ●在该实验室的所有计算机中，这一台性能最好。 Of all the computers in this laboratory, this one performs best. (3) the part after “of” is in apposition to the part before “of” ●那台较轻的仪器的质量为7公斤。 The lighter device has a mass of 7kg. ● 故障检修(trouble-shooting)这一主题将在第9章讨论。 The topic of trouble-shooting will be discussed in Chapter 9. (4) “of” is used in noun phrases (nouns come from vi.) ●图2画出了输出随输入的变化情况。 Fig. 2 shows the variation of the output with the input. ●我们用椭圆(ellipse)来描述行星绕太阳运行的情况。 Ellipses are used to describe the motions of the planets around the sun. (5) “of” is used in noun phrases (Nouns come from vt.) ● 一个力可以分解成x分量和y分量。 The resolution of a force into x- and y- components is possible. (It is possible to resolve a force into x- and y- components.) 2. with (1) with + abstract nouns = adverbs with care / with accuracy / with ease / with efficiency / … (2) “with construction” as a post modifier ● 具有五个部件的机器 a machine with five parts (3) “with construction” as adverbials ●有了雷达，我们就能看到远处的物体。 With radar, we can see distant objects. (4) set phrases: A varies / changes / increases / decreases with B. 3. by (1) “by” means “根据，按照”. ●根据式(3), 我们可以得到以下的表达式。 By Eq. (3), we can obtain the following expression. (2) by doing sth. / by + n. / through + n. (通过……) ●通过分析该设备的参数，…… By analyzing the parameters of the device, … 4. for (1) “for” introduces the adverbial of condition ( 当……时，如果) ●若x1，则该式不成立。 For x1，this equation does not hold. ●当n=1时，这个因子等于1. For n=1, this factor equals unity. (2) “for” is used after such nouns as method, technique, equation, algorithm, condition, requirement, etc. Notes: method for doing sth. / method of doing sth. / method to do sth. (3) solve A for B ● 我们必须解这个方程来求那个未知数。 It is necessary for us …