氰菌胺在水稻、壤、水中的残留消解动态及其在水溶液的光解研究.pdfVIP

摘要 本文首先建立了水稻植株、水和土壤中氰菌胺的残留检测方法。添加回收实验表明， 该方法的最小检出量为0.005mg。土壤、田水中氰菌胺最小检出浓度为0.05 mg/kg，水 稻植株中氰菌胺的最小检出浓度为 0.005mg/kg。土壤、水中添加氰菌胺浓度在 0.01～ 1mg/kg范围内时，平均回收率可达82.1～109.2%；水稻植株中添加氰菌胺浓度在0.01～ 1mg/kg范围内时，回收率可达88.75～109.2%，符合农药残留分析要求。 两年两地的残留消解动态试验结果表明，氰菌胺在水稻植株上的原始沉积量为 8.623mg/kg～10.564mg/kg，在水中的原始沉积量为0.862mg/L～0.925mg/L，在土壤上 的原始沉积量为 0.6499mg/kg～0.7621mg/kg。氰菌胺在水、水稻植株和土壤上降解都 较快，都符合一级动力学方程。氰菌胺在水稻植株上半衰期最长的为6.33d，在水中半 衰期最长的为2.13d,在土壤上半衰期最长的为6.39d 。氰菌胺在水、水稻植株和土壤中 消解较快。 同时，本文还研究了氰菌胺在高压汞灯和紫外灯下的光解动力学，并以高压汞灯为 光源，研究了氰菌胺初始浓度、溶液 PH、以及硝酸盐、色素等共存污染物对氰菌胺光 化学降解的影响。结果表明，在高压汞灯和紫外灯照射下，氰菌胺在水溶液中的光解符 合一级动力学反应。氰菌胺在高压汞灯下的光解速率明显比紫外灯下快，其光解半衰期 分别为 144.4 和239.0min;随着氰菌胺初始浓度的增大，其光解速率逐渐减小；随着溶 液pH 的增大，氰菌胺的光解速度加快；硝酸盐、甲基橙、亚甲基蓝等共存污染物对氰 菌胺的光解均有不同程度的光猝灭效应。 关键词:氰菌胺；水稻；残留动态；光解；水溶液。 3 Abstract In this paper,residues analytical methods of fenoxanil in rice, water and soil were established, and the residues dissipation dynamics of fenoxanil in rice, water and soil, as well as photochemical degradation of fenoxanil in aqueous solution, were studied . The result indicated that the limit of detect ion of fenoxanil in soil and water was 0.05mg/kg. When the concentration of added fenoxanil in soil and water ranges from 0.01 mg/kg to 1mg/kg, the average recovery was 82.1～109.2%; when the concentration of added fenoxanil in paddy rice plants ranges from 0.01 mg/kg to 1mg/kg, the average recovery rate was 88.75～109.2%.These results showed that the method accords with demands of residue analysis of pesticides. After the application of 20% fenoxanil EC which contains the active component content of 200g/hm2 during the paddy rice rupturing stage over two years in both sites, the experiments reach the results that the original accumulation of