蹄叶炎纤维性骨营养舟状骨滑膜囊炎创新.pptVIP

马外科病 蹄病 蹄叶炎 蹄叶炎为蹄皮膜的一种急性无菌性炎症，多发生在两前蹄或两后蹄，一蹄或四蹄较少见。 发病原因： ①?长期饲喂或过量饲喂精料或高蛋白饲料过于单纯。 ② 结症及肠炎的后期及其它消化机能障碍进。 ③ 劳疫过重或途乘骑，尤其对久不运动，偶尔大运动量者。 ④ 护蹄不当者。 What can cause laminitis? Laminitis(蹄叶炎） can be caused by any of the following although in most cases it is caused by a combination of factors rather than just one. A carbohydrate (sugar) overload through over-eating of lush grass （味美青草）or excessive quantities of concentrates (the most common cause). Obesity（肥胖） is closely associated with laminitis. Metabolic changes in overweight horses are complex and an area of much new research. Such metabolic changes are often referred to as peripheral cushings disease. Cushings Disease（库兴氏） is a hormonal disorder caused by a benign tumour of the pituitary gland（垂体）. This is common on older horses and ponies and associated with a long, curly coat even in summer. Trimming （修剪）or shoeing with an overlong toe can be a contributory factor in triggering （触发）laminitis. In many cases the foot is just left to grow too long. Infections, particularly where caused by bacteria, can cause release of endotoxins into the blood stream which may trigger laminitis. A retained placenta（胎衣不下）is a renowned（周知的） cause of laminitis. Stress. During periods of stress the body releases cortisol which can contribute to the development of laminitis in some horses. Concussion injury（震荡伤）, predominantly（主要的） in horses with low heels（脚后跟） and flat feet and those repetitively performing work on hard ground. Treatment with anti-inflammatory corticosteroids（皮质醇类） can trigger laminitis on rare occasions. Obesity increases the risk of laminitis 临床症状： 患病蹄不敢着地，两前肢发病时，后肢伸于腹下，前肢伸于前方，头扬起，两后肢发病时，前肢后踏，头颈抵垂，后肢关节屈曲。站立时两肢不能较长时间驻立，频频换肢，如原地踏步；三肢或四肢同时发病，大部分时间卧地。 患肢指（趾）动脉亢进，蹄温升高，同时眼结膜充血，严重时体温、呼吸、脉搏均加快，肌肉颤抖。还有症状较轻的亚急性病例及仅有蹄部轻微升温轻微痛感的病例。 When laminitis affects the forelimbs, the horse will lean backon its hindquarters（后腿臀部） in an attempt to relive the pain 诊断：根据病肢不敢着地负重