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维普资讯
JournalofSystematicsandEvolution 46(3):239-257 (2008) doi:l0.3724/SP.J.1002.2008.080l6
(formerlyActaPhytotaxonomicaSinica) http://www .plnatsystematics.com
rl-、aX0nSam p1Ⅱ●n2and1t-h’eaccuracyoInph’yllo~enet·i·canal’yses
TracyA.HEATH ShannonM .HEDTKE DavidM .HILLIS,
(SectionoflntegrativeBiologyandCenterfo,ComputationalBioloygandBioinformatics,OneUniversityStationC0930
TheUniversiytofTexas,Austin,TX78712,USA)
Abstract Appropriateand extensivetaxon sampling isoneofthemostimportantdeterminantsofaccurate
phylogeneticestimation.Inaddition.accuracyOfinferencesaboutevolutionaryprocessesobtainedfrom phyloge—
neticanalysesisimproved significantlyby thoroughatxon sampling efofrts.Manyrecenteffortsto improve
phylogeneticestimateshaveofcusedinsteadonincreasingsequencelengthorthenumberofoverallcharactersin
theanalysis,and thisoftendoeshaveabeneficialeffecton theaccuracy ofphylogeneticanalyses.However,
phylogeneticanalysesoffewtaxa(buteachrepresentedbymanycharacters)canbesubjecttostrongsystematic
biases,whichinturnproducehighmeasuresofrepeaatbility(suchasbootstrapproportions)insupportofincor—
rectormisleadingphylogeneticresults.Thus,itisimportna tforphVlOgeneticiststoconsiderboththesamplingof
taxa,aswellasthesampling ofchraacters,in designingphylogeneticstudies.Taxon samplingalso improves
estimatesofevolutionaryparametersderivedrfom phylogeneticflees.andisthusimportantofrimprovedapplica—
tionsofphylogeneticanalyses.Analysisofsensitivity to taxon inclusion.thepossibleeffectsoflong—brna ch
attraction,na dsensitivity ofpraameterestimationofrmodel—basedmethodsshouldbeapan Ofanycraefulna d
thorough phylogeneticanalysis.Furthermore,recentimprovementsinphylogenetical
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