中国茶产业组织_绩效和政策_苏祝成.pdfVIP

茶叶科学 2011 ，31 （3 ）：264~272 Journal of Tea Science 中国茶产业组织：绩效与政策 苏祝成 浙江农林大学，浙江 临安 311300 摘要：本文对中国茶产业的组织现状、绩效及政策进行了研究。当前中国茶产业组织结构的主要特征是茶园的 小规模“分包”式经营、非垄断性的市场竞争结构、初精制的专业化分工和大宗茶出口的来样加工贸易等。比 较世界其他主要茶叶生产国的市场运行组织模式，可以发现，斯里兰卡的纵向交易“分成”契约制、日本的农 户合作组织以及红茶出口普遍采用的拍卖交易等制度，对我们有一定的启示意义。本文认为，相关产业政策的 重点应是：通过多元化的组织制度安排，有效地解决农户的“入市”瓶颈；通过技术变革，引导初精制加工的 整合；探索出口交易制度的创新。 关键词：中国茶产业；组织结构；绩效；政策 中图分类号：TS272；F062.9 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1000-369X（2011 ）03-264-09 Organization of Chinese Tea Industry: Performance and Policy SU Zhu-cheng Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, Linan 311300, China Abstract: The organization of Chinese tea industry, its performance and policy, were discussed in this paper. The present organizational structure of Chinese tea industry showed some features such as small householder of tea garden, no-monopoly competition, market division between primary and refining production, processing for exportation according to giving samples and so on. From perspective of other major tea-production countries, the organizational structure was characterized by vertical proportional share-distribution in Sri Lanka, cooperation institution of farmers in Japan and exportation of black tea by auction market, which had some significant implication for us. It was suggested that ，targeting the market entry of small householder of tea garden and integration of primary and refining production, industry polices should focused on innovation of institution and technology. Besides, transformation of mode of exportation transaction should also be explored. Ke