杂交中籼稻机插栽培技术综合研究.pdfVIP

摘要 试验于2007～2008 年两年时间在安徽省天长市永丰乌龙试验基地进行，试验以 育秧落谷密度、秧龄大小、栽插基本苗量，氮肥运筹以及机插后补栽和不补栽为对照 等5 个方面进行试验研究， 结果如下： 1.机插软盘育秧的落谷密度影响成苗率，落谷密度越大成苗率越小，同时落谷 密度也显著影响水稻秧苗的素质和秧龄弹性，秧苗素质随落谷密度的增加呈下降态 势，中、短秧龄的落谷密度以24000粒/m2左右为宜；落谷密度不仅影响育秧素质，而 且还影响到大田的平均每穴栽插基本苗数和漏插率，水稻分蘖主要受落谷密度影响， 落谷密度大分蘖强，进而影响到水稻群体质量和产量。 2.秧苗超秧龄的临界期是23d （叶龄3.9-4.2），延至25d 以上通过基本苗等途径 来补偿平衡；小秧龄有利于生物产量的形成，秧龄越长对生物产量越不利，从而影响 产量。 3.不同群体质量的起点对产量影响很大，每穴平均栽插基本苗数和栽插密度均能 影响产量，在一定范围内产量随每穴平均栽插基本苗数和栽插密度的升高而增产，超 过范围效果不明显。兼顾产量和效益下，杂交中籼稻以每公顷栽插25.5 万穴、每穴 平均栽插苗3 本为宜。 4.不同处理之间，栽插后补苗和不补苗之间的产量差异不显著，尤其是栽插密度 较大和栽插株本较大的处理。机插栽培优于手工栽培。 5.杂交中籼稻在每公顷栽插密度24 万穴，基本苗60-75 万的条件下，总施氮量 提高有利于增产，从经济效益来考虑以每公顷210kg 纯氮为宜，肥料运筹以基蘖肥： 穗粒肥为6：4 为宜。 关键词：杂交中籼稻；机插秧；落谷密度；秧龄弹性；群体质量；栽插密度；氮 肥运筹 I Abstract Tests carried out in wulong experimental base Tianchang City in Anhui Province in 2007-2008, that including sowing density, the size of seedling age, the number of planting seedlings, method of application of nitrogen fertilizer, added after seedings by machine or no. The results are as follows: 1. The sowing density affect the rate of seedling, seedling rate decreased with increasing density sowing. and sowing density also significantly affected the quality of rice seedling and the elasticity of seedling age. Quality of seedling decline with the increase in planting. The best of medium-term and short-term- seedling age is 24000 / m2. the sowing density not only affects the quality of seedlings, but also affect the average number of a point planting seedlings and plug leakage rate. Effects of tillering in rice by the impact of Sowing density, they affect the quality of rice groups, affect Rice yields. 2. Super seedlings seedling age’ critical period is 28d (Leaf age is 3.9-4.2). if seedling age more than 25 days that’s to compensate for balance through channels suc