多级加载下岩石裂隙渗流分段特性试验研究.pdfVIP

第 31 卷 增 2 岩石力学与工程学报 Vol.31 Supp.2 2012 年 9 月 Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering Sept. ，2012 多级加载下岩石裂隙渗流分段特性试验研究 郭保华，苏承东 (河南理工大学 能源科学与工程学院，河南 焦作 454010) 摘要：利用自行研制的岩石裂隙辐射型渗流系统，试验研究室温下粗晶大理岩、中砂岩、灰岩和细晶大理岩 4 个 岩石张裂隙在法向闭合过程中的渗流分段特性及加载历史的影响。根据闭合裂隙的接触状态及流域分布特征，裂 隙渗流可分为群岛流、过渡流、沟槽流 3 个阶段；单位水头流量与法向应力呈指数函数关系，随法向应力增加而 降低，后次加载中相同法向应力下单位水头流量明显较低；单位水头流量与力学隙宽呈幂函数关系，幂指数范围 为 1.93～2.60 ，可认为接触型粗糙岩石裂隙渗流量与力学隙宽呈次立方关系；后次加载时，相同力学隙宽下单位 水头流量也明显较低；水力等效隙宽与力学隙宽呈分段的线性关系，修正的立方定律在相应分段内成立。研究结 果对岩体裂隙渗流计算有一定的理论意义。 关键词：岩石力学；张裂隙；辐射流；法向应力；力学隙宽；试验研究 中图分类号：TU 45 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1000 –6915(2012)增 2 –3787 –08 TEST RESEARCH ON PIECEWISE SEEPAGE CHARACTERISTICS OF ROCK FRACTURE UNDER MULTISTAGE LOADINGS GUO Baohua，SU Chengdong (School of Energy Science and Engineering ，Henan Polytechnic University ，Jiaozuo ，Henan 454010 ，China) Abstract ：The piecewise seepage characteristics of closed tensile fracture and loading history effect were investigated at room temperature using cylindrical rock samples of coarse-grained marble，sandstone，limestone and fine-grained marble with self-developed radial flow system. The results show that fracture seepage can be divided into three phases of islands flow ，transitional flow ，and groove flow according to different contact states and watershed distributions. Flowrate per head follows an exponential function with the normal stress ，and it will be significantly lower in the subsequent loading process at the same normal stress. The relationship between flowrate per head and mechanical aperture was well simulated by the power function ，in which the range of index is 1.93 –2.60