英语完形填空Cloze Test SPR.pptVIP

Cloze Test Analysis and Tactics 完形填空分析与策略 What is a cloze test？关于完型测试 A cloze test is a fill-in-the-blanks practice in which the learner uses clues from the context to supply words that have been deliberately removed from the text. A cloze test requires the ability to understand context and vocabulary in order to identify the correct words or type of words that belong in the deleted passages of a text. A cloze procedure is a test of reading comprehension. Responses reveal both text comprehension and language mastery levels. Cloze and Gestalt完型与格式塔心理学 Cloze test ,known also as cloze procedure, stems from Gestalt Psychology and is an exercise consisting of a portion of text with certain words removed. When preparing the exercise, teachers may choose to delete words from the text either mechanically (every nth word) or selectively, for example, verbs or adjectives. The word cloze derives from closure in Gestalt psychology from the early 1950s. Gestalt is a German word meaning shape or form。Gestalt is the interplay between the parts and the whole. 格式塔是从德语“Gestalt”音译而来，意思是“形状”、“形式”、“完形”。因此，格式塔心理学又被称为完形心理学。该理论认为，人的大脑里储存着已有的知识和完整的知识体系（图式），当人们感知外部事物和对信息进行加工时，这些已有的知识和完整的知识体系会有意识或无意识地起作用。该理论还认为，“人们在对事物进行感知时遵循着一定的法则去组织他们的知觉世界，其中的一个知觉组织原则就是完形原则（The principle of closure）（舒运祥，2001）”。也就是说，我们在看不完整的事物时总有一种把它补完整的冲动。比如，看到去除了部分的长方形和椭圆，只要我们大脑里有长方形和椭圆的知识，我们仍然会认为它们是长方形和椭圆。再比如，我们在嘈杂的环境里跟别人进行交谈时，总会遇到一些听不清楚的词，多半情况下我们不会叫对方重复说过的话，而是根据我们已有的语言能力和经验去推测对方所说的会是什么词，从而继续进行沟通。 visual distraction视觉混乱 格式塔视觉流程 眼脑作用是一个不断组织、简化、统一的过程 正是通过这一过程，才产生出易于理解、协调的整体。 Pulling out of the air 无中生有 Our visual system attempts to structure what we see into patterns to make sense of information. Objects grouped together are seen as a whole.Our brains often ignore contradictory information and fill in gaps in information. Picassos woman Riddle What It Is ? And Now? You Got It ! Cloze Test and Ponits Tested完型填空与测试要点 Matching tests （ 1 ）名词与介词的搭配（ 2 ）形容词和介词的搭配（ 3 ）动词与介词的搭配（ 4 ）动词和名词的搭配（ 5 ）副词与分词的搭配。 Set phrases