酶及处理参数对水酶法提取菜籽油和蛋白质的影响.pdfVIP

中国农业科学 2004,37(4):592-596 ScientiaAgriculturaSinica 酶及处理参数对水酶法提取菜籽油和蛋白质的影响 刘志强’，贺建华’，曾云龙’，金 宏’ (’湖南科技大学化工系，湘潭 411201:2湖南农业大学动物科技学院，长沙 410128) 摘要:分别用复合酶、蛋白酶、纤维素酶、果胶酶、半纤维素酶对油菜籽进行水酶法制油，并采用响应曲面分 析方法分析了酶反应参数对菜籽油与菜籽蛋白得率的影响。结果表明，不同酶对水酶法制油的出油率与蛋白质得率 的影响不同。其中，复合酶最高，蛋白酶作用较明显，纤维素酶次之，三者皆高于无酶水浸取，而果胶酶和半纤维 素酶作用效果较差，二者皆低于无酶水浸取。固液比对油脂与蛋白质得率影响较大，加酶量对油脂提取率影响较显 著，酶反应时间对蛋白质提取率影响较显著。 关键词:水酶法;菜籽蛋白;菜籽油;响应曲面分析 CombinedEffectofOperationalVariablesandEnzymeActivityon AqueousEnzymaticExtractionofOilandProteinfromRapeseed LIUZhi-giang,HEJian-hua2,ZENGYun-long,JINHong2 (DeptmentofChemicalEngineering,HunanUniversityofScienceandTechnology,Xiangtan411201; CollegeofAnimalScienceandTechnology,HunanAgriculturalUniversity,Changsha410128) Abstract:Complexenzyme,protease,cellulase,pectinaseandhemicellulasewereusedintheprocessofaqueous enzymaticextractionofrapeseedoil,andthencomparingthismethodwithanenzymaticwaterleaching(CK).Theresults indicatedthatdifferentenzymeshaddifferenteffectsonoilandproteinextractionrateintheprocess,amongwhichcomplex enzymerangesthefirst,proteasethesecondandthencellulase.TheabovethreeenzymeswereallsuperiortoCK,while pectinaseandhemicellulasewereinferiortoitbecauseoftheirunobviouseffect.Responsesurfacemethodologywas adoptedtoinvestigatetheeffectofparameterofenzymereactiononrapeseedoilandproteinextractionrate.Theresults showedthatsolidtoliquidhadstrongeffectonoilandproteinextractionrate,enzyme/substratehadanobviouseffecton oilextractionrateandtreatmenttimehadanobviouseffectonproteinextractionrate. Keywords:Aqueousenzymatic;Rapeseedprotein;Rapeseedoil;Responsesurfacemethodology 工业上从植物油料中提取