黄土高原半干旱区集雨补灌生态农业研究进展.pdfVIP

中国农业科学 2009,42(9):3187-3194 Scientia Agricultura Sinica doi: 10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2009.09.021 黄土高原半干旱区集雨补灌生态农业研究进展 赵西宁，吴普特，冯 浩，汪有科 （西北农林科技大学/ 中国科学院水利部水土保持研究所国家节水灌溉杨凌工程技术研究中心，陕西杨凌 712100 ） 摘要：黄土高原半干旱地区在中国旱作农业生产中占有重要地位。干旱缺水与水土流失并存是制约该区域经 济发展的两大瓶颈因素。水保农业和径流农业两种旱作农业生产方式已趋于成熟，但对天然降水调控利用能力低 下，难于实现农业生产的优质高产高效。集雨补灌生态农业是在继承水保农业和径流农业成功技术基础上，对降 雨调控利用方式的进一步发展，它能在时间和空间两个方面实现降雨径流的富集叠加，能充分发挥环境资源与水 肥光热因子的协同增效作用，大幅度提高农业生产力，实现同步缓解干旱缺水与水土流失双重目标。集雨补灌是 黄土高原半干旱区农业可持续发展的一种综合模式和战略性措施，对黄土高原半干旱区生态型现代农业发展具有 重要推动作用。 关键词：黄土高原半干旱区；集雨补灌；生态农业 Advance in Research of Supplemental Irrigation of Collected Rain Water for Eco- Agriculture in Semi-Arid Loess Plateau of China ZHAO Xi-ning, WU Pu-te, FENG Hao, WANG You-ke (Northwest Agricultural and Forestry University / National Engineering Research Center for Water Saving Irrigation at Yangling, Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Water Resources, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi) Abstract: The semi-arid Loess Plateau is a central zone of Chinese rainfed farming. Drought and soil erosion are the two major obstacles to economic development in the semi-arid Loess Plateau. The conservation agriculture and runoff agriculture has been developed for several decades here. However, its regulative role in rain water was very limited, and the problems of agriculture production are still going on, such as severe seasonal drought and water shortage, low agriculture productivity, fragile ecological environment, low yield-invest ratio. Supplemental irrigation of collected rain water is an important form of rainfall regulation and utilization on the basis of sophisticated technologies and theories of conservation agri