南方红黄壤地区综合治理成果研究回顾与展望.pdfVIP

中国农业科学 2007,40(增刊1):291-296 Scientia Agricultura Sinica 南方红黄壤地区综合治理成果研究回顾与展望 杨炎生，侯向阳，徐明岗 （中国农业科学院，北京100081） 摘要：南方红黄壤地区综合治理研究，是针对我国南方红黄壤不同类型区制约农业发展的关键性因素，以试 验区综合试验示范为核心，系统地进行红黄壤中低产地区综合治理和农业可持续发展研究和示范的攻关研究。通 过研究，阐明了南方红壤主要类型区水土流失规律，提出了南方红壤丘陵区水土流失允许阈值；揭示了南方季节 性干旱发生规律以及气候干旱、土壤干旱、作物干旱的形成原因，提出利用丘陵坡地陆面拦截降水潜力的综合抗 旱技术。研究提出南方中低产田有效磷的退化机理，发现土壤镁素缺乏问题并提出镁肥有效的临界指标，系统阐 明了水土流失、土壤酸化、肥力衰减导致土壤退化的现状、条件、过程与原理及综合防治技术。系统地研究提出 了南方不同类型区新型优质高产高效种养技术，并根据区域资源特点，因地制宜发展产业化经营技术与模式，在 6 个类型区建立和发展 8 种农业综合开发模式。研究成果对我国红黄壤地区农业综合持续发展有十分重要的应用 价值，为国家有关决策管理提供了重要依据。 关键词：红黄壤地区；综合治理；技术模式 Review and Prospects of Comprehensive Management of Red and Yellow Soils in Southern China YANG Yan-sheng, HOU Xiang-yang, XU Ming-gang (Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081) Abstract: Comprehensive management research on red and yellow soil in southern China is a systematic and comprehensive management of low-yield areas, a sustainable agricultural development research and demonstration in red and yellow soil regions. This study aimes to develop new technologies for solving the key factors restricting agricultural development in the areas. The results proposed the erosion law of main types of red soil in south China, the erosion permission threshold in hilly area, the law of seasonal drought and the causes of climate drought, soil drought and crop drought. The research proposed an integrated technology against drought using the interception potential of hilly upland surface. The results proposed the mechanism of available phosphorus degradation of low-yielding fields in south China, the phenomena of lack of magnesium in the soil and the critical indicators of effect