医学物理学第十三周周三物理のchapter要点.pptVIP

Chapter 7 Electricity and Magnetism Different particles have different mobility, so they can be divided by electrophoresis. Sample point Filter paper Paper electrophoresis Iso_electro_focusing or Immobilized pH gradient SDS: sodium dodecyl sulfate poly-acrylamide gel electropheresis SDS: 十二烷基硫酸钠-聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳 毛细管电泳仪的基本结构 The basic structures of capillary electro-phoresis 根据物质的荷/质比差异来进行分离，比值愈大,跑得愈快。 Electro-osmotic flow 电渗流：液体在毛细管内周围形成带正电荷层，其整体向负极移动的现象 j 1， 2， … * sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis,SDS; /wiki/SDS_PAGE All inertial reference frames are equivalent for the description of mechanical phenomena. 海水中氘的含量为十万分之三，即1升海水中含有0.03克氘。这0.03克氘聚变时释放出采的-能量等于300升汽油燃烧的能量，因此，1升海水＝300升汽油人们用这样的等式来形容海洋中核聚变燃料储藏的丰富。 Iso_electro_focusing or Immobilized pH gradient SDS聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳 7.1 Electrostatic field Electric charge unit Electron charge - e Proton charge + e 1 C Coulomb 6.24 × 1018 e 1 A Ampere 1 C ? s-1 Electric field intensity Superposition of Electric field intensities group of charges ?0 ：vacuum permittivity 真空电容率 Electric potential energy 电势能 Electric potential Wa - e Va for electrons Electric dipole 偶极子 Electric dipole moment The electric potential of an electric dipole 偶极子的电势 ? r2 r1 l -q +q r r2 - r1 a The electric potential of an electric dipole changes with positions. The dielectrics 电介质 The dielectrics can be solid or fluid. Generally, they are insulators 10?/cm Non-polar molecules like He, H2, N2 … Positive and negative charges overlap No E electric E polar molecules like H2O, CO, SO2 … Positive and negative charges do not overlap No E electric E Electric field in dielectrics +? -? E0 Ep ?r ：relative permittivity 相对电容率 ? is permittivity of a dielectric （介电常数） The capacitance C is defined as: Capacitor 电容器 and Capacitance C?V-1 bio-membrane and bio-electricity Semi-permeable “+” denotes “K+” potassium “-” denotes “Cl-” chlorine Experiments show that most cell membranes have memb