超窄间隙焊接焊剂带的制作工艺及接头性能的研究详解.docVIP

本科生毕业设计（论文） 题 目：超窄间隙焊接焊剂带的制作工艺及焊接接头性能 学生姓名： 系 别： 机械与电气工程系 专业年级： 指导教师： 2014年 6 月 15 日摘要 利用焊剂带约束电弧可以很好地解决超窄间隙焊接中容易出现的问题，焊剂带可有效约束电弧，阻止电弧攀升，同时使电弧对侧壁及坡口底部集中加热，使其完全熔合。由于超窄间隙焊接方法坡口较窄，因此对焊剂带的厚度要求较高；所以要使电弧能够受到很好的约束，焊剂带必须足够致密。本文针对原有焊剂带致密度不足的问题，研制出新的焊剂带，并通过焊剂带约束电弧超窄间隙焊接的方法对工件进行焊接，最后对焊接接头进行组织与性能的分析。 对两种钢的接头组织与性能进行研究分析发现，X60管线钢的热影响区组织晶 粒细小，粗晶区晶粒长大并不严重；焊缝硬度高于母材，软化区非常窄，大大降低了对焊缝强度及韧性的不利因素，且与传统焊接方法焊接接头相比较，其硬度值要高出65％左右。焊缝具有高于母材的拉伸强度，且低温冲击韧性良好。430不锈钢粗晶区组织晶粒较为粗大，但由于其热影响区很窄，对整个接头的不良影响并不是特别大。在拉伸时，所选用的试样均在母材处断裂，由此也可证明接头的强度相对于母材并没有降低，反而有一定程度的提升。 关键词：超窄间隙焊接；焊剂带；接头组织与性能； ABSTRACT Use of flux strips to constrict arc can well solve the easily occurred problems of ultra narrow gap welding，.The flux strips can effectively restrain arc，prevents the arc going up along the sidewall，make the arc heat on the side wall and groove bottom centralized，and get the full fusion. With a relatively narrow grove in the ultra narrow gap welding，the thickness requirements of flux strips is high. And the flux strips must be sufficiently dense. Aiming at the problem of flux strip density ,the paper developed new flux strips，welded work pieces by ultra narrow gap welding with constrained arc by flux strips, and analyzed organization and performance of the welded joints at last. First，the new production mold of flux strips is designed and developed to improve the production method，based on the pre-test. The mold mainly have the following characteristics:(1)The mold is small and portable，So that it ’s convenient to remove and storage;(2)To press the wire mesh，the silicone band is used and gradients are made on the mold base;(3)Using elastic deformation ability of foam rubber，the both sides of black rubber used to control the flux amount can quickly return to original position，which ensure the consistency of strips thickness and density. Key Words：Ultra narrow gap welding；Flux strips；Production mold of flux strips；Mic