real time volume graphics part 04 gpu-based ray-casting.pptVIP

* Thank You! Acknowledgments Henning Scharsach, Christian Sigg, Daniel Weiskopf VRVis is funded by the Kplus program of the Austrian government Tetrahedral Grids Traditional (rasterization): Projected Tetrahedra Ray casting: store mesh in textures Propagate from cell to cell Ray/face intersection computations Pre-integration; (store current pos in texture) [Weiler et al.] Tetrahedral Grids fd Tetrahedral Grids dfd * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * REAL-TIME VOLUME GRAPHICS Markus Hadwiger VRVis Research Center, Vienna Eurographics 2006 Real-Time Volume Graphics[04] GPU-Based Ray-Casting Talk Outline Why use ray-casting instead of slicing? Ray-casting of rectilinear (structured) grids Basic approaches on GPUs Basic acceleration methods Object-order empty space skipping Isosurface ray-casting Endoscopic ray-casting Why Ray-Casting on GPUs? Most GPU rendering is object-order (rasterization) Image-order is more “CPU-like” Recent fragment shader advances Simpler to implement Very flexible (e.g., adaptive sampling) Correct perspectiveprojection Can be implementedin single pass! Native 32-bitcompositing Where Is Correct Perspective Needed? Entering the volume Wide field of view Fly-throughs Virtual endoscopy Integration intoperspective scenes,e.g., games Recent GPU Ray-Casting Approaches Rectilinear grids [Krüger and Westermann, 2003] [R?ttger et al., 2003] [Green, 2004] (NVIDIA SDK Example) [Stegmaier et al., 2005] [Scharsach et al., 2006] Unstructured (tetrahedral) grids [Weiler et al., 2002, 2003, 2004] [Bernardon, 2004] Single-Pass Ray-Casting Enabled by conditional loops in fragment shaders (Shader Model 3; e.g., Geforce 6800, ATI X1800) Substitute multiple passes and early-z testing by single loop and early loop exit No compositing buffer: full 32-bit precision! NVIDIA example: compute rayintersections with bounding box,march along rays and composite Basic Ray Setup / Termination Two main approaches: Procedural ray/bo