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ada title iii and the internet technology and civil rights.doc

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ada title iii and the internet technology and civil rights

ADA Title III and the Internet: Technology and Civil Rights Peter David Blanck and Leonard A. Sandler Over the past two years, the issue of Internet accessibility has received national attention. In 1999, the National Federation of the Blind (NFB) filed a class action lawsuit against America Online, Inc. (AOL).1 NFB alleged that AOL’s Internet browser and services were inaccessible to the blind and did not comply with the accessibility requirements of Title III of the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA).2 Specifically, plaintiffs claimed that AOL’s online service sign-up form, welcome screens, and chat rooms were not accessible because screen readers could not read text hidden within graphic displays. In early 2000, the AOL lawsuit and the applicability of the ADA to private internet sites were the subject of congressional hearings.3 Testimony was presented by persons with disabilities, technology specialists, industry executives, and legal analysts. On July 26, 2000, the parties to the AOL litigation announced that they had reached a settlement. AOL agreed to make its Internet browsing software compatible with screen reader assistive technology, which makes AOL software accessible to blind users; to make the existing and future content of AOL services largely accessible to the blind; to publish an Accessibility Policy and post it on its web site; and to pursue other actions to implement accessibility features for blind users.4 NFB and other groups and individuals, working sometimes in concert with government enforcement agencies, continue to examine the accessibility of Internet service providers and web sites.5 In September 2000, President Clinton proposed a comprehensive initiative to bridge the digital divide by broadening access to the Internet and promoting online applications that will help all Americans use new computer technologies to their fullest potential.6 This article examines the particular application of Title III’s accessibility requirements to