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formative and summative confidence-based assessment.doc

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formative and summative confidence-based assessment

Formative and Summative Confidence-Based Assessment A.R. Gardner-Medwin and M. Gahan Department of Physiology University College London London WC1E 6BT Email: ucgbarg@ucl.ac.uk Proc. 7th International Computer-Aided Assessment Conference, Loughborough, UK, July 2003, pp. 147-155 Available at / or www.ucl.ac.uk/~ucgbarg/tea/caa03.doc Principal related website: www.ucl.ac.uk/lapt Formative and Summative Confidence-Based Assessment A.R. Gardner-Medwin and M. Gahan Department of Physiology University College London London WC1E 6BT Abstract Confidence-based assessment, in which a students rating of his/her confidence in an answer is taken into account in the marking of the answer, has several substantial merits. It has been in use at UCL with medical and biomedical students for several years, primarily for computer-based formative assessment and study, using several answer formats. For two years we have used it in summative exams with multiple true/false questions. To encourage more widespread evaluation of our system and simpler application to other disciplines we have set up a browser-based version of the software: http://www.ucl.ac.uk/lapt/laptlite. This paper addresses some key issues: the rationale for our simple marking scheme (1,2 or 3 marks for correct answers and 0,-2,-6 marks for wrong answers according to confidence level), student reaction and performance, gender and personality issues, comparison with other marking schemes in relation to motivation for accurate reporting of confidence, and issues of reliability and validity for summative assessment. Keywords: assessment, confidence, probability, reliability Rationale To measure knowledge, we must measure a persons degree of belief. Though one could take this as the starting point for a learned debate in epistemology or the application of probability theory, the simple point is perhaps best made by considering some words we use to characterise different states. A student, with different degrees of beli