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DO NOT DELETE 6/15/2009 3:27:55 PM
IS IT BETTER TO BE LOVED OR
FEARED? SOME THOUGHTS ON
LESSONS LEARNED FROM THE
PRESIDENCY OF GEORGE W. BUSH
NEIL KINKOPF*
The first lesson the Bush Presidency has taught us about executive
power is that the topic is exceedingly important. Our conception of
presidential power matters, and the law of presidential power matters.
There are two competing models of presidential power. One is a
unilateral and confrontational vision of presidential power. The other
is a more accommodationist and cooperative model of the allocation
of power between the President and the other branches of the federal
government.
This dichotomy presents a modern version of the question
Machiavelli posed five centuries ago: “Is it better for the Prince to be
loved or feared?”1 In updating Machiavelli’s question, I equate the
unilateral and confrontational model with “being feared” and the
accommodationist and cooperative model with “being loved.”
Machiavelli’s answer was that “it is better to be feared than loved.”2
More precisely, he asserted it is better to be both feared and loved,
but such an ideal is not realistically attainable.3 As between the two,
the prince should prefer being feared to being loved.4
It is now common to regard the unilateral, confrontational model
as the pro-presidential view of the Constitution and the more
accommodationist, cooperative model as the pro-congressional view.5
* Professor of Law, Georgia State University College of Law.
1. Nicoló Machiavelli, THE PRINCE 58–59 (Quintin Skinner Russell Price, eds.,
Cambridge University Press, 16th ed. 2004)
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