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TWO TYPES OF V-DE CONSTRUCTIONS IN MANDARIN
CHINESE
Jiewu Wei
National Tsing Hua University
1. Introduction
This paper intends to study the V-de constructions in Mandarin Chinese. There
are two types of them, exemplified in (1-2).
(1) Zhangsan pao-de henkuai (depictive)
p.n. run-DE fast
‘Zhangsan runs fast. ’
(2) Zhangsan pao-de henlei (resultative)
p.n. run-DE tired
‘Zhangsan has run and is tired. ’
They are documented in the literature, according to the meaning of the
complements each takes respectively. In (1), the V-de takes a depictive
complement henkuai “fast,” while another instance of V-de takes a resultative
one henlei “tired” as in (2). Huang (1988) argues that the syntactic structures of
(1-2) are the same, in that V-de is the primary predicate in both cases. However,
the data here will show that V-de taking a depictive complement may enjoy a
different structure than that taking a resultative one. The evidence comes from
the various positions of modal adverbs like keneng “possibly” and yiding
“certainly” etc, and anaphoric ziji “self”. The analysis suggests that -de may
occupy various syntactic positions in Mandarin Chinese in the hope that a
unified explanation of the V-de constructions may be developed.
The organization of this paper is as follows: in the next section, we will
reinforce a light verb analysis in the spirit of Huang (1988). Then more evidence
shall be brought up in section three, to argue against a unified analysis of two
types of V-de taking a depictive or a resultative complement. Our analysis will
be presented in section four, where a sentential subject V-de is assumed. Section
five concludes this p
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