汽车前桥设计本科毕业论文.doc

摘 要 中国改革开放以来，在农村实行家庭联产承包责任制的改革，使农村的经济空前活跃。农村的货运量和人口流动量急剧增加，加快了运输机械化成为农村经济发展的迫切需要，随之小型载货汽车也就应运而生，而前桥作为汽车上一个重要的零部件，也显得尤为重要。前桥一般位于汽车的前部，也称转向桥或驾驶桥。是通过悬架与车架相连，用以承受地面与车架之间的垂直载荷外，还承受制动力和侧向力以及这些力构成的力矩，并保证转向轮作正确的运动。在汽车使用中，转向桥的受力情况比较复杂，因此应具有足够的强度。如何保证转向车轮的正确定位角度，转向桥有足够的刚度，使操纵轻便并减轻轮胎的磨耗、汽车能快速平稳的行驶，就是一个重要问题。于是就有了本课题的研究和设计。本文首先对汽车前桥的发展历史做了相关描述，然后小型载货汽车的特点及国内外的发展现状进行了相关的描述，详细分析了前桥的组成和各部件的作用，之后对转向前桥做了详细的设计计算，主要计算了前梁、转向节等在制动和侧滑两种工况下的工作应力。本次设计的绘图均由CAD绘图完成。 关键字：汽车; 前桥; 前梁; 转向节 Abstract The implementation of the reform of the household contract responsibility system in rural China since the reform and opening up, the rural economy is more active than ever. The dramatic increase in the volume of cargo in rural areas and population flows, speed up the transport mechanization become an urgent need for rural economic development, also came into being along with a small truck, the front axle as an important vehicle parts, especially important. The front axle is generally located in front of the car, also known as the steering axle or driving bridge. Is connected to the suspension and the frame to withstand the vertical loads between the ground and the frame, but also to withstand the braking force and lateral force and torque of these forces constitutes, and ensure the correct movement of steering rotation. The use of the car, the steering axle by more complex and therefore should be of sufficient strength. How to ensure the correct positioning of the angle of the steering wheel, steering axle have enough stiffness to make the manipulation of light and reduce tire wear, the car can be fast and smooth driving is an important issue. So there will be the subject of research and design. This paper first described the history of the development of the car before the bridge, then the characteristics of the small truck and the current development at home and abroad are described in the detailed analysis of the composition of the front axle and the role of the various components of the steeri