a positive theory of economic fairness：经济公平理论的实证研究.pdfVIP

JWRNALOF Journal of Economic Behavior Organization Olgal ELSEVIER Vol. 31 (1996) 13-35 A positive theory of economic fairness James Konow’ Loyola Marymount University, 7900 Loyola Boulevard, IAS Angeles, CA 90045, USA Received 26 April 1995;revised 25 September 1995 Abstract This paper presents a positive theory of economic fairness which strives for generality by characterizing the fairness values which people share across differing contexts. The study attempts to isolate these underlying values from the more situation-specific perceptual effects (e.g., framing effects) which may have an impact on reported fairness. Central to the proposed theory is the Accountubilify Principle which, roughly speaking, requires that a person’s fair allocation (e.g., of income) vary in proportion to the relevant variables which he can influence (e.g., work effort), but not according to those which he cannot reasonably influence (e.g., a physical handicap). The results of telephone interviews and written questionnaires are presented in support of the theory. JEL classification: A13; D63 Keywords: Distributive justice; Equity; Fairness 1. Introduction Manifestations of concern for distributive justice may be found in politics, in markets and in laboratories. This concern often is seen as having a significant impact