Defoliation of interior Douglas-fir elicits carbon strongtransferstrong.docVIP

SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL Defoliation of interior Douglas-fir elicits carbon transfer and stress signalling to ponderosa pine neighbors through ectomycorrhizal networks Yuan Yuan Song1, Suzanne W. Simard2*, Allan Carroll2, William W. Mohn3, and Ren Sen Zeng1 1College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Jinshan, Fuzhou 350002, P.R. China 2Department of Forest and Conservation Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, V6T 1Z4, Canada 3Department of Microbiology Immunology, Life Sciences Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada *Correspondence to: suzanne.simard@ubc.ca, Department of Forest and Conservation Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z4, phone: 604-822-1955, fax: 604-822-9102  SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL Figure S1. Soil volumetric water content of interior Douglas-fir donors and ponderosa pine seedlings in the transfer pathway treatments. Means with different letters for each pathway differed significantly at α=0.05. Figure S2. Levels of enzyme activity (POD, PPO, SOD) in needles of donor interior Douglas-fir following different defoliation and transfer pathway treatments. Figure S3. Relationships between donor and receiver enzyme activity (U -1 g-1 FW) for each enzyme (POD, PPO and SOD) and time step (0, 24, 48 and 72 h) following defoliation.  (a) (b) Figure S4. Relationships between receiver excess 12C-equivalent (mg) and receiver enzyme activity in needles and roots for (a) PPO and (b) SOD at the 48 and 72 h time steps following defoliation. Song et al. 5 1