CRISPR-Cas系统和细菌和噬菌体的共进化.pdfVIP

HEREDITAS (Beijing) 2011 3 , 33(3): 213―218 ISSN 0253-9772 综述 DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1005.2011.00213 CRISPR-Cas 系统与细菌和噬菌体的共进化 李铁民, 杜波 , 110036 细菌在适应噬菌体攻击的过程中, 进化了多种防御系统, 噬菌体在细菌的选择压力下, 也在不断进化反 防御策略, 双方的这种进化关系与发生机制一直尚不完全清楚。近年在细菌和古细菌中发现一种新的免疫防御 系统, 即CRISPR-Cas(clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats-CRISPR-associated system) 系统。 在对其功能和作用机制深入研究的同时, 也不断地揭示了细菌和噬菌体之间的共进化关系。为此, 文章在介绍 原核细胞中CRISPR-Cas 系统介导的免疫机制基础上, 重点综述了CRISPR 系统在细菌和噬菌体进化中的作用。 CRISPR; CRISPR-Cas 系统; 噬菌体; 共进化; 免疫防御 CRISPR-Cas system and coevolution of bacteria and phages LI Tie-Min, DU Bo College of Life Science, Liaoning University, Shenyang 110036, China Abstract: In response to the challenge from phages, bacteria evolve a number of defense systems against phage invasion. Meanwhile, the phages evolve multiple counter-defense mechanism as well under the selection pressure from bacteria. The evolution relationship between bacteria and phages, as well as the functional mechanism, still remains to be uncovered. A novel immune system, CRISPR-Cas system, has been found in bacteria and archaea recently. With deeply research of the function and mechanism of CRISPR-Cas system, the coevolution relationship between bacteria and phages is becoming clear. In this review, the mechanism of CRISPR-Cas system-mediated immunity in prokaryotes is introduced. In particular, the progress on the role of CRISPR in the coevolution of bacteria and phage is reviewed. Keywords: CRISPR; CRISPR-Cas system; phage; coevolution; immune defense , , , , , , , , , , CRISPR(Clustered