(双语版)大学物理学Ch15-Ch17习题.pptVIP

Ch15 Temperature and the Ideal Gas Law Ch.17-12(p.424) Ch.17-41(p.426) Ch.17-41(p.426) * Ch.17 Heat and the First Law of Thermodynamics Ch.16 Kinetic Theory of Gases (II) A hot-air balloon achieves its buoyant lift by heating the air inside the balloon which makes it less dense than the air outside. Suppose the volume of a balloon is 1800 m3 and the required lift is 2700N (rough estimate of the weight of the equipment and passenger). Calculate the temperature of the air inside the balloon which will produce the required lift. Assume that the outside air temperature is 0o and that air is an ideal gas under these conditions. What factors limit the maximum altitude attainable by this method for a given load? Ch.15-13(p.382) Estimate how many molecules of air are in each 2.0-L breath you inhale that were also in the last breath Galileo took. [Hint: Assume the atmosphere is about 10km high and of constant density.] Ch.15-23(p.383) Estimate how many times per second a collision of a molecule of oxygen gas occurs with one of the walls of its con tainer, which is a cube with sides 1.0 m. There are 2.0mol of oxygen inside at 20oC. [Hint: Let ] Ch.16-52(p.403) At room temperature, it takes approximately 2.45×103J to evaporate 1.00g of water. Estimate the average speed of evaporating molecules. What multiple of vrms (at 20oC) for water molecules is this? (Assume Eq. 16-4 holds.) Ch.16-58(p.403) (a) Show that if the specific heat varies as a function of temperature, c(T) , the heat needed to raise the temperature of a substance from T1 to T2 is given by (b) Suppose c(T)=co(l+ at) for some substance, where a=2.0×103C0-1 and T is the Celsius temperature. Determine the heat required to raise the temperature from T1 to T2 . (c) What is the mean value of c over the range T1 to T2 for part (b), expressed in ter