浙江大学大学物理甲下 exercise 4.pptVIP

* Exercise Lesson Modern Physics Stefan-Boltzmann law—The total radiated power per area: Wien displacement law: (1). Thermal Radiation (2). The Photoelectric Effect Stopping potential and Cut off frequency 1. The nature of light (3). The Compton Effect Example 1: The radiation of the Sun, λm=490nm, can be regarded as the radiation of a black body. If the Earth can be regarded as a black body also, estimate the temperature of the Earth’s surface. （RS=6.96×108m, RE=6.37×106m, distance between the Sun and the Earth d=1.496×1011m.) Solution: The power emitting from per unit surface of the Sun is The power per unit area absorbed in the Earth surface from the Sun radiation is Total power radiating from the Sun is d is the distance between the Sun and the Earth. The total power absorbed from the Sun is The power of radiation per area of the Earth’ surface is IE. Example 2: A photon of x-ray with the wavelength λ=0.02nm is collided with an electron at rest. The scattering radiation is observed from the direction that is angular 90° with the incident direction. Find: (1) the wavelength of the scattering x-ray; (2) the energy of the recoiling electron; (3) the momentum of the recoiling electron. x y x y Pe ? h/?0 h/? Solution: 2. The waves of matter (1). uncertainty relationship Example 3: The Davisson-Germer experiment (p1036) Bragg’s law θ φ a d α (unit cell dimension a=0.215nm, spacing of adjacent planes d=0.091nm) E46-17: (p1052) There are no diffraction order other than the first. (2). Wave function Ψ probability density Schr?dinger’s Equation For a free particle Example 4: A particle is moving in a one dimension, rectangular infinite deep potential well. Its wave function is If the particle is in the state of n=1, find the probability that the particle discovered in x=0～ a/4 . Solution: (1) The Ground State of the Hydrogen Atom The solution of the ground state 3. Hydrogen atom Radial probability density P(r) (2). Four quantum numbers n=1, 2, 3, … l=0, 1,