Socket Programming in C.pptVIP

Socket Programming in C Kyounghee Lee leekhe@icu.ac.kr Information and Communications Univ Outline TCP/IP introduction TCP/IP overview Transport layer: TCP UDP Socket fundamentals Socket address and port numbers Network byte ordering address conversion Socket creation Socket functions Elementary TCP socket functions TCP client-server example Elementary UDP socket functions UDP client-server example Programming assignment #01 Program description Assignment evaluation TCP/IP Introduction Overview of TCP/IP Protocols UDP TCP UDP Datagram transmission Connection less: delivery guarantee (X) Short-term relationship between client server TCP Connection-oriented: reliability, packet sequence Flow control congestion control Full-duplex Long-term relationship TCP Connection TCP Client-Server UDP Client-Server Common Internet Applications Socket Fundamentals Socket Pair Socket identification IP address + port number TCP connection identification Socket pair 4-tuple definition IP address and port number of each endpoint e.g.) {1.21, 95.1500} Port numbers 16-bit integer Differentiate a socket-related process from another Ranges Well-known ports (0 ~1023): assigned by IANA e.g.) FTP (21), web server (80), … Registered ports (1024 ~ 49151): recommendation list e.g.) X Window server (6000 ~ 6003) Dynamic or private ports (49152 ~ 65535) Socket Address Structure (1) Generic IPv4 struct sockaddr { uint8_t sa_len; sa_family_t sa_family; /* address family: AF_XXX value */ char sa_data[14]; /* protocol-specific address */ }; Posix.1g struct in_addr { in_addr_t s_addr; /* 32 bit IP address */ }; struct sockaddr_in { uint8_t sin_len; /* length of structure (16) */ sa_famility_t sin_family; /* AF_INET */in_port_t sin_port; /* 16 bit TCP or UDP port number */struct in_addr sin_addr; /* 32 bit IPv4 address */char sin_zero[8]; /* unused */ }; Socket Address Structure (2) Data types in Posix.1g Byte Ordering Big little-endian byte order N