【双语植物育种】中国转基因现状与问题revised.pptVIP

China needs bio-tech to ensure food supply China has to support 22% of world population on only 7% arable land. Per capita allotment of arable land is one-fifth acre. China is seriously short in soil resources, and its existing soils are suffering from extensive degradation due to long-term unreasonable management such as without crop rotation. According to statistics, the total area of soil degradation characterized by erosion, infertility, salinization, swamping and acidification amounts to 40% of the total land area of China or one quarter of the world’s total degraded land. 一、转基因种植情况 In 2009, 14 million farmers worldwide grew GM crops on approximately 134 million hectares, with developing country GM crop area nearly matching that in industrial countries Herbicide tolerance (HT) is a major GM trait, particularly tolerance to glyphosate, usually sold under the trade name RoundUp. The second widely adopted GM trait has been insect resistance via engineering plants to express the Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) crystal protein. What are the consequences of this widespread adoption? According to both individual farmers and surveys, a significant environmental benefit of HT technology is reduced tillage, enabling greater carbon sequestration in RR soy fields than in non-GM soy cultivation. Another valuable benefit is reduced applications of insecticides to Bt cotton and Bt maize. The import certificates to four crops .截至目前，经安委会评审，农业部已先后批准了转基因棉花、大豆、玉米、油菜四种作物的进口安全证书，除棉花外，其余进口作物用途仅限于加工原料。2010年进口大豆5400多万吨，油菜籽200万吨，玉米150万吨，多少是转基因产品。 The ministry of Agriculture has given only the import certificates to GM soybean, cotton, corn and canola (or oil rape seed) as processed raw materials or as animal fodder, but not as seeds. China imported 54.2 million tons GM soybean, 1.5 million tons of GM corn, 2 million tons of oil rape seed. 四、中国转基因现状与问题 General situation and Problems related to GM CROPS 1. General situation of Planting of GM cotton in China 2. GM rice and maize