高中英语 unit4 attitudes towards our elders grammar学案 冀教版必修3.docVIP

Unit4 Attitudes towards Our Elders-grammar学案 省略 一 概述 省略是一种修辞,它的使用主要是为了避免重复,它不仅适用于书面语,而且在口语中更加明显. 1 概念 为了表达简洁,或重点突出,常省去某个词,短语,甚至句子.这种形式就叫省略. He said that he would pay a visit to the Great Wall the next week. He is only alive and is healthy. 当在英语中也有许多的固定省略结构,这种省略其实是一种约定的历史文化,我们不需将其补充完整,即使按照语法可以这样做,也没有必要.如: No pains, no gains Seeing is believing Out of sight, out of mind 2 省略的目的和遵循的原则 省略有两个目的 1语言简洁,结构紧凑. I wonder when and where to hold the meeting when=when to hold the meeting ---Ill give you a necklace as a birthday gift ---Really? but when? when=when you will give it to me 2重点突出,目标明确 Will you tell me by whom and for whom it was ordered ? by whom=it was ordered by whom ---Who will be sent to carry out the plan? ---Johnson 它遵循的原则是不破坏结构或引起歧义 They visiting and we will be visiting the Heaven Temple 应改为 They are and we will be visiting the Heaven Temple 二 省略句的应用 一简单句中的省略 1 主语的省略 1第一人称省略 I hope to see you again 2第二人称在祈使句中的省略 Go and see who it is Dont open the widow, or you may catch a cold 3第三人称的省略 She Doesnt look well It is aPity he wont help 2 动词的省略 1助动词省略,多在口语中 Hi,Tom, where you going? 2主动词省略. Mary doesnt speak French, but Jim does. Tom can speak English, and so can Lucy. ---Jim has passed the exam ---So he has and so have you 3系动词省略 Are you hungry? 4There be 句型的省略 There ought to be nobody in the classroom Is thereAnything I can do for you? 5在独立主格结构中being ;having been 的省略,一般只适用于其后是介词或短语,如果是名词不省略 The meeting beingover, they went home Book being in hand, he entered the room. It being sunday, we didt go to school. 6不定式 to 后动词的省略。这类动词有expect,like ,wish,hope,prefer;love;intend,mean,refuse等 ----Would you like to attend the party? ----Id like to 另外，在have to;need to ought to;be going to;used to后也省略主动词 I dont like to stay up late,but I used to I dont want to meet the man,but I had to 二从句中的省略 1 定语从句中的省略 1作宾语的关系代词which;that;whom的省略 Do you know the girl whom I talked to just now? Have you seen the bikewhich/thatI bought from Tom? 如果定语从句中的动词后的介词，放到关系代词前，那么关系代词不能省略。 2作状语的关系副词when/wh