v-ing及练习.docVIP

V-ing 非谓语动词在句中的作用 主语 宾语 表语 定语 状语 补语 动词不定式 √ √ √ √ √ √ 动名词 √ √ √ √ × × 分词 × × √ √ √ √ 非谓语动词时态语态的形式 动词不定式 动名词 现在分词 过去分词 一般式 To do Doing Doing Done Vt do 的过去分词，done 既表完成又表被动，vi 的过去分词不表被动只表完成 一般被动式 To be done Being done Being done 完成式 To have done Having done Having done 完成被动式 To have been done Having been done Having been done 进行式 To be doing 完成进行式 To have been doing Notice: 只有及物动词的 –ing结构才有被动语态，不及物动词的 –ing结构无被动语态。 -ing是一种非谓语动词形式，在句中不能单独作谓语。eg. “be + v-ing” 构成进行时。下面分别介绍一下这四种结构： A．V-ing的一般式（doing)表示主动和进行，其表示的动作与谓语动词表示的动作同时发生或基本上同时发生。 eg. 1)Hearing the news, we were all excited. 2)There was a terrible noise ______ the sudden burst of light. (B) A. followed B. following C. to be followed D. being followed B．V-ing 的完成式（having done)表示的动作一般发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之前。 eg. 3)Having walked for 2 hours, I felt very tired. 4)Not having received a reply, he decided to write again. (Notice: v-ing 的否定结构就是在其前+not.) C．V-ing 的一般式的被动语态表示-ing所表示的动作是进行着，而且与所修饰的词是被动关系，一般只做定语。 eg. 5)The building being built is our library. 6)The bike being repaired is mine. D．V-ing 的完成式的被动语态表示-ing所表示的动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之前，而且与主句的主语为被动关系。 eg. 7)Having been translated into many languages, his book soon became well-known in the world. 8)Having been fixed carefully, his watch now works very well. V-ing 的作用： 1．状语 v-ing作状语时，可以表示时间、条件、原因、结果、让步、方式或伴随等情况，也可以将其变为一个状语从句。(Ad. 分词作时间、原因、条件状语时，通常位于句子前部 分词作方式、伴随、结果状语时，通常位于句子后部) eg. 9)While discussing the plan, Tom had a new idea. 10) Walking in the street, I saw her. 11)Turning to the right, you will find a path leading to the post office. 12)Weather permitting, the sports meeting will be hold next week. 13)Being blind, how could they see an elephant? 14)Feeling tired, the reporter lay on the ground. 15)They opened fire, killing one of our soldiers. 16) The parents died, leaving her an orphan.