学会分析句子成分与写句.docVIP

学会分析句子成分 一、英语句子的种类 英语的句子种类主要包括简单句、并列句和复合句。简单句是并列句和复合句的构成基础。 二、英语简单句的特点 至少包含一个主语和一个谓语。主语可以是并列主语，谓语也可以是并列谓语。 谓语动词有某种时态和语态形式。 祈使句其实是一种省略了主语you的简单句。 三、简单句、并列句和复合句的基本形式 简单句：主语＋谓语 并列句：简单句A ＋并列连词(and/so/but 或其他)＋简单句B 复合句：主句(简单句A)＋从句(含有引导词的简单句B)或从句(含有引导词的简单句B)＋主句(简单句A) 如： The young should respect the old.(简单句) Jack was ill yesterday so he didnt attend the meeting.(并列句) As long as you study hard，you are bound to succeed.(复合句) 四、谓语动词 谓语是英语句子中的核心成分，谓语主要由动词来充当，它有时态和语态的变化。两个或两个以上动词构成并列谓语，要在最后两个谓语动词之间加上适当的连词(如：and/so/but)。如： He has lived here for twenty years. I will be waiting for you at the school gate at nine tomorrow. He stood up and walked out of the classroom. You are required to keep silent in the reading room. 练习： 一、请判断下列各题是不是句子(“是”用“√”表示，“不是”用“×”表示)。 1．There was a pretty toy on the table.(　　) 2．It being a goodlooking clever dog.(　　) 3．He be about to tell us the fact.(　　) 4．Because of his coming late.(　　) 5．Book me a single room.(　　) 二、请判断下列句子是对还是错，如错，请改正。 1．The weather is fine，well go out for a picnic. _____________________________________________ 2．He has three sons，but none of them takes good care of him. ______________________________________________ 3．There are 5 teachers will go with us. ______________________________________________ 4．Look after the children is Marys job. ________________________________________________ 5．He didnt pass the exam made his parents very angry. _______________________________________________ 句子成分分析(一) 句子的各个组成部分，叫做句子成分。英语的句子成分有：主语、谓语、表语、宾语、定语、状语、宾语补足语等。句子的成分一般由实词担任。实词有名词、代词、形容词、数词、动词和副词。虚词有冠词、介词、连词、助动词等，它们在句中只起辅助和联系作用，不能单独作句子成分。 主语(subject)：是一句话的主题，表示所谈的是“谁”或“什么”，主语一般在谓语之前。 可充当主语的有： 1．名词或代词 The book on the desk is written by my father. They have lived in Guangzhou since 1996. 2．数词 Ten is a very important number. 3．不定式(to do)或动名词(doing) To read in the sun is bad for your eyes. Smoking is bad for our health. 4．从句 What you need is more practice. Its not your fault that this has happened.(it是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的that从句) 句子成分分析(二) 谓语(predicate) 谓语是